Morgan H E, Gordon E E, Kira Y, Chua H L, Russo L A, Peterson C J, McDermott P J, Watson P A
Annu Rev Physiol. 1987;49:533-43. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ph.49.030187.002533.
Rapid cardiac growth in adult rats and neonatal pigs involves more efficient use of existing components of the protein synthesis pathway and synthesis of new ribosomes and mRNA to increase the capacity for protein synthesis. Greater efficiency of synthesis can be induced by mechanical perturbations that stretch the ventricular wall, including increased cardiac work and increased ventricular pressure development in beating hearts, and increased aortic and intraventricular pressure in arrested-drained hearts. The biochemical signal linking stretch to more efficient protein synthesis has not been identified. Preferential synthesis of new ribosomes occurs in the first two hours of exposure of Langendorff preparations to high aortic pressure or within four hours after injection of thyroid hormone into normal rats. The rate of protein degradation is either accelerated or unchanged in hypertrophing hearts but is inhibited by induction of cardiac work or high aortic pressure in Langendorff preparations. Overall, increased capacity for, and efficiency of, protein synthesis are the major factors accounting for cardiac growth.
成年大鼠和新生猪的心脏快速生长涉及更有效地利用蛋白质合成途径的现有成分，以及合成新的核糖体和信使核糖核酸以增加蛋白质合成能力。拉伸心室壁的机械性干扰，包括增加心脏做功、增加跳动心脏的心室压力生成，以及增加停跳-引流心脏的主动脉和心室内压力，均可诱导更高的合成效率。将拉伸与更高效率蛋白质合成联系起来的生化信号尚未明确。新核糖体的优先合成发生在Langendorff标本暴露于高主动脉压力的最初两小时内，或在向正常大鼠注射甲状腺激素后的四小时内。在肥厚心脏中，蛋白质降解速率要么加快，要么不变，但在Langendorff标本中，心脏做功诱导或高主动脉压力会抑制蛋白质降解速率。总体而言，蛋白质合成能力和效率的增加是心脏生长的主要因素。
