Materials Science and Engineering Department , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States.
ACS Nano. 2018 Mar 27;12(3):2122-2137. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b09046. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
Controlling friction and reducing wear of moving mechanical systems is important in many applications, from nanoscale electromechanical systems to large-scale car engines and wind turbines. Accordingly, multiple efforts are dedicated to design materials and surfaces for efficient friction and wear manipulation. Recent advances in two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, and other 2D materials opened an era for conformal, atomically thin solid lubricants. However, the process of effectively incorporating 2D films requires a fundamental understanding of the atomistic origins of friction. In this review, we outline basic mechanisms for frictional energy dissipation during sliding of two surfaces against each other, and the procedures for manipulating friction and wear by introducing 2D materials at the tribological interface. Finally, we highlight recent progress in implementing 2D materials for friction reduction to near-zero values-superlubricity-across scales from nano- up to macroscale contacts.
控制摩擦和减少运动机械系统的磨损在许多应用中都很重要，从纳米级机电系统到大型汽车发动机和风力涡轮机。因此，人们致力于设计材料和表面来有效地控制摩擦和磨损。二维（2D）材料（如石墨烯、六方氮化硼、二硫化钼和其他 2D 材料）的最新进展为共形、原子级薄的固体润滑剂开辟了一个时代。然而，有效地结合 2D 薄膜需要对两个表面相互滑动时的摩擦能耗散的原子起源有基本的了解。在这篇综述中，我们概述了在两个表面相互滑动时摩擦能量耗散的基本机制，以及通过在摩擦界面引入 2D 材料来操纵摩擦和磨损的过程。最后，我们强调了在纳米到宏观接触尺度上实现 2D 材料减摩至接近零值——超滑——的最新进展。
