Gavurová Beáta, Kubák Matúš, Šoltés Michal, Barták Miroslav, Vagašová Tatiana
Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic.
Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2017 Dec;25 Suppl 2:S64-S71. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5052.
To describe the time trends, age and sex distribution of death from diabetes mellitus (E10-E14) as a significant part of endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90), during 1996-2014 in the Slovak regions, and to estimate the influence of social characteristics on mortality.
Secondary data on deaths during 1996-2014 were gathered from the National Health Information Center in the Slovak Republic. The total crude death rate per 100,000 of the standard Slovak population and age-standardized death rate per 100,000 of the standard European population were calculated by direct standardization. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed.
Deaths from diabetes mellitus account for 91.6% of deaths registered in the endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases Chapter. The age-standardized death rate per 100,000 of inhabitants decreased from 19.2 in 1996 to 15.3 in 2014 in the Slovak Republic, although a massive increase of up to 32.5 was reported in 1999. The highest age-standardized death rates per 100,000 inhabitants were typical for the Košice, Nitra and Trenčín regions. On the other hand, the lowest counts were recorded in the Bratislava region. Mortality from diabetes mellitus starts to be evident in the 45-49 year age-group in both sexes. The median age of death for women is lower in the 75-79 year age-group in comparison to men although the total crude death rate for men in lower age groups is higher. After age 80 the situation is reversed. The odds of dying due to endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases decreases by 0.4% each year. The odds of dying are lower by 17% and 12.3%, respectively, in the Žilina and Prešov regions compared to Bratislava region. Women have a higher probability of dying by 38% in contrast to men, and married couples by 16.7% than singles. Age is proved to be an insignificant factor.
In spite of the declining trend of mortality from diabetes mellitus, it is necessary to reduce the risk of its incidence by healthier food consumption and physical activity.
描述1996 - 2014年斯洛伐克各地区糖尿病（E10 - E14）作为内分泌、营养和代谢疾病（E00 - E90）的重要组成部分导致死亡的时间趋势、年龄和性别分布，并评估社会特征对死亡率的影响。
1996 - 2014年期间的死亡二级数据收集自斯洛伐克共和国国家卫生信息中心。通过直接标准化计算每10万标准斯洛伐克人口的总粗死亡率以及每10万标准欧洲人口的年龄标准化死亡率。进行多水平逻辑回归分析。
糖尿病导致的死亡占内分泌、营养和代谢疾病章节登记死亡人数的91.6%。斯洛伐克共和国每10万居民的年龄标准化死亡率从1996年的19.2降至2014年的15.3，尽管1999年报告有高达32.5的大幅增长。每10万居民中年龄标准化死亡率最高的是科希策、尼特拉和特尔纳瓦地区。另一方面，布拉迪斯拉发地区的死亡人数最少。糖尿病死亡率在45 - 49岁年龄组的男女中开始明显显现。女性死亡的中位年龄在75 - 79岁年龄组低于男性，尽管较低年龄组男性的总粗死亡率更高。80岁以后情况则相反。因内分泌、营养和代谢疾病死亡的几率每年下降0.4%。与布拉迪斯拉发地区相比，日利纳和普雷绍夫地区的死亡几率分别低17%和12.3%。女性死亡的概率比男性高38%，已婚夫妇比单身者高16.7%。年龄被证明是一个不显著的因素。
尽管糖尿病死亡率呈下降趋势，但仍有必要通过更健康的饮食和体育活动来降低其发病风险。
