Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
Public Health. 2018 Apr;157:147-152. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.019. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
E-cigarette use is not only prevalent among adolescents but is growing at an alarming rate. This study sought to determine e-cigarette use prevalence and its relation to alcohol use as a potential gateway drug, and how this may differ by sex and ethnicity in a multi-ethnic sample of California adolescents.
Cross-sectional survey.
We included data from 1806 adolescents (weighted to 3.0 million) aged 12-17 in the 2014 and 2015 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) cycles. The prevalence of e-cigarette use was calculated within sex and ethnic groups and the prevalence of alcohol use according to e-cigarette use was also examined with sample weighting providing population estimates. Multiple logistic regression models were built to predict the odds of using alcohol from e-cigarette use status adjusted for sociodemographic and other characteristics.
The prevalence of e-cigarette use was 9.1% (projected to 0.3 million) overall in California adolescents but highest in boys among non-Hispanic Whites (15.1%) and in Asian girls (13.3%). Among e-cigarette users, 61.3% of boys and 71.0% of girls reported using alcohol as well. The logistic regression odds of alcohol use, adjusted for age, ethnicity, body mass index, cigarette smoking status, socioeconomic status, parents' education level, and insurance status among e-cigarettes users (compared with non-users) was 9.2 in girls and 3.1 in boys (both P < 0.01). Asians/others, non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics were similarly at increased odds: 17.8, 5.4, and 3.0, respectively (P < 0.01 for Asians/others and for whites) of using alcohol compared with their non-e-cigarette using counterparts, respectively.
Attention needs to be paid to the high prevalence of e-cigarette smoking as well as its potential as a gateway drug for alcohol drinking in adolescents, especially among girls and Asians.
电子烟不仅在青少年中普遍流行，而且其使用率增长速度惊人。本研究旨在确定电子烟的使用情况及其与酒精使用的关系，因为后者可能是一种潜在的入门毒品，并探讨在加利福尼亚州多民族青少年样本中，这种关系是否因性别和种族而有所不同。
横断面调查。
我们纳入了 2014 年和 2015 年加利福尼亚州健康访谈调查（CHIS）周期中 1806 名年龄在 12-17 岁的青少年（经加权后相当于 300 万人）的数据。在男女和种族群体中计算电子烟的使用情况，并根据电子烟的使用情况检查酒精的使用情况，同时使用样本加权提供人口估计。建立多因素逻辑回归模型，以预测在调整社会人口学和其他特征后，电子烟使用状况与使用酒精的可能性之间的关联。
在加利福尼亚州的青少年中，电子烟的使用率为 9.1%（预计为 30 万人），但在非西班牙裔白人男孩（15.1%）和亚洲女孩（13.3%）中最高。在电子烟使用者中，61.3%的男孩和 71.0%的女孩也报告使用过酒精。在校正年龄、种族、体重指数、吸烟状况、社会经济地位、父母教育程度和保险状况后，电子烟使用者（与非使用者相比）使用酒精的逻辑回归比值比为 9.2（女孩）和 3.1（男孩）（均 P<0.01）。亚洲/其他族裔、非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔的比值比分别为 17.8、5.4 和 3.0，分别与他们的非电子烟使用者相比，使用酒精的风险更高（亚洲/其他族裔和非西班牙裔白人 P<0.01）。
需要注意的是，电子烟的高使用率以及其作为青少年饮酒入门毒品的潜在可能性，尤其是在女孩和亚洲人中，需要引起重视。
