Gassmann Franziska, Siegel Melissa, Vanore Michaella, Waidler Jennifer
Maastricht Graduate School of Governance/UNU-MERIT, Maastricht University, Boschstraat 24, 6211AX, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Child Indic Res. 2018;11(2):423-440. doi: 10.1007/s12187-017-9461-z. Epub 2017 Mar 25.
Using household survey data collected between September 2011 and December 2012 from Moldova and Georgia, this paper measures and compares the multidimensional well-being of children with and without parents abroad. While a growing body of literature has addressed the effects of migration for children 'left behind', relatively few studies have empirically analysed if and to what extent migration implies different well-being outcomes for children, and fewer still have conducted comparisons across countries. To compare the outcomes of children in current- and non-migrant households, this paper defines a multidimensional well-being index comprised of six dimensions of wellness: education, physical health, housing conditions, protection, communication access, and emotional health. This paper challenges conventional wisdom that parental migration is harmful for child well-being: while in Moldova migration does not appear to correspond to any positive or negative well-being outcomes, in Georgia migration was linked to higher probabilities of children attaining well-being in the domains of communication access, housing, and combined well-being index. The different relationship between migration and child well-being in Moldova and Georgia likely reflects different migration trajectories, mobility patterns, and levels of maturity of each migration stream.
本文利用2011年9月至2012年12月期间从摩尔多瓦和格鲁吉亚收集的家庭调查数据，对父母一方或双方在国外以及父母均不在国外的儿童的多维福祉进行了衡量与比较。尽管越来越多的文献探讨了父母移民对“留守儿童”的影响，但相对较少的研究从实证角度分析了移民是否以及在何种程度上意味着儿童的福祉结果有所不同，并且进行跨国比较的研究更少。为了比较父母一方或双方在国外以及父母均不在国外的儿童的福祉结果，本文定义了一个多维福祉指数，该指数由六个福祉维度组成：教育、身体健康、住房条件、保护、通信接入和心理健康。本文对父母移民对儿童福祉有害这一传统观念提出了质疑：在摩尔多瓦，移民似乎与任何积极或消极的福祉结果都不相关，但在格鲁吉亚，移民与儿童在通信接入、住房和综合福祉指数等领域实现福祉的较高概率相关。摩尔多瓦和格鲁吉亚在移民与儿童福祉之间的不同关系可能反映了每个移民群体不同的移民轨迹、流动模式和成熟程度。
