Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli studi di Milano-Bicocca.
Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory (iBMLab), Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg.
Neuropsychology. 2018 Feb;32(2):123-137. doi: 10.1037/neu0000414.
Recent evidence showed that individuals with congenital face processing impairment (congenital prosopagnosia [CP]) are highly accurate when they have to recognize their own face (self-face advantage) in an implicit matching task, with a preference for the right-half of the self-face (right perceptual bias). Yet the perceptual strategies underlying this advantage are unclear. Here, we aimed to verify whether both the self-face advantage and the right perceptual bias emerge in an explicit task, and whether those effects are linked to a different scanning strategy between the self-face and unfamiliar faces.
Eye movements were recorded from 7 CPs and 13 controls, during a self/other discrimination task of stimuli depicting the self-face and another unfamiliar face, presented upright and inverted.
Individuals with CP and controls differed significantly in how they explored faces. In particular, compared with controls, CPs used a distinct eye movement sampling strategy for processing inverted faces, by deploying significantly more fixations toward the nose and mouth areas, which resulted in more efficient recognition. Moreover, the results confirmed the presence of a self-face advantage in both groups, but the eye movement analyses failed to reveal any differences in the exploration of the self-face compared with the unfamiliar face. Finally, no bias toward the right-half of the self-face was found.
Our data suggest that the self-face advantage emerges both in implicit and explicit recognition tasks in CPs as much as in good recognizers, and it is not linked to any specific visual exploration strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record
最近的证据表明，患有先天性面部加工障碍（先天性面容失认症[CP]）的个体在进行内隐匹配任务时，识别自己的面部（自我脸优势）的准确率非常高，并且对自己面部的右半部分（右知觉偏差）有偏好。然而，这种优势背后的知觉策略尚不清楚。在这里，我们旨在验证自我脸优势和右知觉偏差是否会出现在外显任务中，以及这些效应是否与自我脸和不熟悉的脸之间不同的扫描策略有关。
从 7 名 CP 和 13 名对照组中记录了眼动，在自我/他人辨别任务中，刺激物描绘了自我脸和另一个不熟悉的脸，呈现为直立和倒置。
CP 和对照组在探索面孔时存在显著差异。特别是与对照组相比，CP 在处理倒置面孔时使用了一种独特的眼动采样策略，通过向鼻子和嘴巴区域部署更多的注视，从而更有效地识别。此外，结果证实了两组都存在自我脸优势，但眼动分析未能揭示与不熟悉的脸相比，自我脸的探索有任何差异。最后，没有发现自我脸的右半部分有任何偏向。
我们的数据表明，自我脸优势不仅在 CP 中的内隐和外显识别任务中出现，而且在良好的识别者中也出现，并且与任何特定的视觉探索策略无关。
