Niepel Marcus S, Almouhanna Fadi, Ekambaram Bhavya K, Menzel Matthias, Heilmann Andreas, Groth Thomas
1 Institute of Pharmacy, Biomedical Materials Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
2 Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Int J Artif Organs. 2018 Apr;41(4):223-235. doi: 10.1177/0391398817752598. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
Cells possess a specialized machinery through which they can sense physical as well as chemical alterations in their surrounding microenvironment that affect their cellular behavior.
In this study, we aim to establish a polyelectrolyte multilayer system of 24 layers of poly-l-lysine and hyaluronic acid to control stem cell response after chemical cross-linking.
The multilayer build-up process is monitored using different methods, which show that the studied polyelectrolyte multilayer system grows exponentially following the islands and islets theory. Successful chemical cross-linking is monitored by an increased zeta potential toward negative magnitude and an extraordinary growth in thickness. Human adipose-derived stem cells are used here and a relationship between cross-linking degree and cell spreading is shown as cells seeded on higher cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayer show enhanced spreading. Furthermore, cells that fail to establish focal adhesions on native and low cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayer films do not proliferate to a high extent in comparison to cells seeded on highly cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayer, which also show an increased metabolic activity. Moreover, this study shows the relation between cross-linking degree and human adipose-derived stem cell lineage commitment. Histological staining reveals that highly cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayers support osteogenic differentiation, whereas less cross-linked and native polyelectrolyte multilayers support adipogenic differentiation in the absence of any specific inducers.
Owing to the precise control of polyelectrolyte multilayer properties such as potential, wettability, and viscoelasticity, the system presented here offers great potential for guided stem cell differentiation in regenerative medicine, especially in combination with materials exhibiting a defined surface topography.
细胞拥有一种特殊的机制，通过该机制它们能够感知周围微环境中的物理和化学变化，这些变化会影响其细胞行为。
在本研究中，我们旨在建立一个由24层聚-L-赖氨酸和透明质酸组成的聚电解质多层系统，以控制化学交联后干细胞的反应。
使用不同方法监测多层构建过程，结果表明所研究的聚电解质多层系统遵循岛状和胰岛状理论呈指数增长。通过向负电位增加的zeta电位和厚度的显著增加来监测成功的化学交联。这里使用人脂肪来源的干细胞，并且显示出交联程度与细胞铺展之间的关系，因为接种在高度交联的聚电解质多层上的细胞显示出增强的铺展。此外，与接种在高度交联的聚电解质多层上的细胞相比，在天然和低交联的聚电解质多层膜上未能形成粘着斑的细胞增殖程度不高，高度交联的聚电解质多层上的细胞还表现出代谢活性增加。此外，本研究显示了交联程度与人类脂肪来源干细胞谱系定向之间的关系。组织学染色显示，高度交联的聚电解质多层支持成骨分化，而较少交联的天然聚电解质多层在没有任何特定诱导剂的情况下支持脂肪生成分化。
由于对聚电解质多层性质如电位、润湿性和粘弹性的精确控制，本文提出的系统在再生医学中引导干细胞分化方面具有巨大潜力，特别是与具有明确表面形貌的材料结合使用时。
