Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Biomedical Materials Group, Interdisciplinary Centre of Materials Science, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Nanoscale. 2019 Feb 7;11(6):2878-2891. doi: 10.1039/c8nr05529g.
Laser interference lithography (LIL) and the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique are combined here for the first time to design a system with variable nanotopographies and surface viscoelasticity to regulate cell behavior. LIL is used to generate hexagonally arranged nanostructures of gold with different periodicity. In contrast, LBL is used to assemble a multilayer system of poly-l-lysine and hyaluronic acid on top of the nanostructures. Moreover, the viscoelastic properties of that system are controlled by chemical cross-linking. We show that the topography designed with LIL is still present after multilayer deposition and that the formation of the multilayer system renders the surfaces hydrophilic, which is opposite to the hydrophobic nature of pristine nanostructures. The heterogenic system is applied to study the effect on adhesion and differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC). We show that hADSC spreading is increasing with cross-linking degree on flat multilayers, while it is decreasing on nanostructures modified with multilayers. In addition, early effects on signal transduction processes are seen. Finally, hADSC differentiation into chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages is superior to adipogenic lineages on nanostructures modified with multilayers. Hence, the presented system offers great potential to guide stem cell differentiation on surfaces of implants and tissue engineering scaffolds.
激光干涉光刻（LIL）和层层（LbL）技术首次结合，设计了一种具有可变纳米形貌和表面粘弹性的系统，以调节细胞行为。LIL 用于生成具有不同周期性的六边形排列的金纳米结构。相比之下，LBL 用于在纳米结构上组装聚-l-赖氨酸和透明质酸的多层系统。此外，该系统的粘弹性通过化学交联进行控制。我们表明，多层沉积后仍然存在 LIL 设计的形貌，并且多层系统的形成使表面亲水，这与原始纳米结构的疏水性相反。该非均相系统用于研究对人脂肪来源干细胞（hADSC）粘附和分化的影响。我们表明，hADSC 的铺展随着平面多层上的交联程度的增加而增加，而在多层修饰的纳米结构上则减少。此外，还观察到早期对信号转导过程的影响。最后，hADSC 在多层修饰的纳米结构上向软骨和成骨谱系的分化优于向脂肪谱系的分化。因此，所提出的系统在植入物和组织工程支架表面引导干细胞分化方面具有很大的潜力。
