Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Trends Mol Med. 2018 Apr;24(4):395-411. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), the two most common primary liver cancers, represent the second most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide, with most cases being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Recent genome-wide studies have helped to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis and genetic heterogeneity of liver cancers. This review of the genetic landscape of HCC and iCCA discusses the most recent findings from genomic profiling and the current understanding of the pathways involved in the initiation and progression of liver cancer. We highlight recent insights gained from metabolic profiling of HCC and iCCA. This knowledge will be key to developing clinically useful diagnostic/prognostic profiles, building targeted molecular and immunologic therapies, and ultimately curing these complex and heterogeneous diseases.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 和肝内胆管癌 (iCCA) 是两种最常见的原发性肝癌，是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因，大多数病例在晚期诊断。最近的全基因组研究有助于阐明肝癌的分子发病机制和遗传异质性。本文综述了 HCC 和 iCCA 的遗传特征，讨论了基因组图谱分析的最新发现以及目前对肝癌发生和发展相关途径的认识。我们强调了 HCC 和 iCCA 的代谢组学分析方面的最新进展。这些知识对于开发临床有用的诊断/预后特征、构建靶向分子和免疫治疗以及最终治愈这些复杂和异质性疾病将是至关重要的。
