Franzese Ornella, Barbaccia Maria Luisa, Bonmassar Enzo, Graziani Grazia
Chemotherapy. 2018 Mar 13;63(2):64-75. doi: 10.1159/000487534.
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy more than 2 decades ago, HIV-related deaths have dramatically decreased and HIV infection has become a chronic disease. Due to the inability of antiretroviral drugs to eradicate the virus, treatment of HIV infection requires a systemic lifelong therapy. However, even when successfully treated, HIV patients still show increased incidence of age-associated co-morbidities compared with uninfected individuals. Virus- induced immunosenescence, a process characterized by a progressive decline of immune system function, contributes to the premature ageing observed in HIV patients. Although antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved both the quality and length of patient lives, the life expectancy of treated patients is still shorter compared with that of uninfected individuals. In particular, while antiretroviral therapy can contrast some features of HIV-associated immunosenescence, several anti-HIV agents may themselves contribute to other aspects of immune ageing. Moreover, older HIV patients tend to have a worse immunological response to the antiviral therapy. In this review we will examine the available evidence on the role of antiretroviral therapy in the control of the main features regulating immunosenescence.
自二十多年前引入高效抗逆转录病毒疗法以来，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数大幅下降，艾滋病病毒感染已成为一种慢性病。由于抗逆转录病毒药物无法根除病毒，艾滋病病毒感染的治疗需要终身进行全身性治疗。然而，即使治疗成功，与未感染个体相比，艾滋病患者与年龄相关的合并症发病率仍有所增加。病毒诱导的免疫衰老，即免疫系统功能逐渐衰退的过程，导致了艾滋病患者过早衰老。尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法显著提高了患者的生活质量和寿命，但与未感染个体相比，接受治疗的患者的预期寿命仍然较短。特别是，虽然抗逆转录病毒疗法可以对抗艾滋病相关免疫衰老的一些特征，但几种抗艾滋病药物本身可能会导致免疫衰老的其他方面。此外，老年艾滋病患者对抗病毒治疗的免疫反应往往较差。在这篇综述中，我们将研究抗逆转录病毒疗法在控制调节免疫衰老的主要特征方面作用的现有证据。
