Carvalho Elizabeth Regina, Ampuero Roberto Andrés Navarrete, Tuleski Giovana Laís Ruviaro, Camacho Aparecido Antonio, Sousa Marlos Gonçalves
College of Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, 80035-050, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Vet Res Commun. 2018 Jun;42(2):153-160. doi: 10.1007/s11259-018-9718-0. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are a recognized concern in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). The coupling interval (CI) and the prematurity index (PI) have been shown to accurately differentiate between benign and malignant VA in people, where ventricular arrhythmias are known to be associated with an increased risk of development of signs of heart failure or sudden death. In this study, we characterized ventricular arrhythmias in dogs with symptomatic and asymptomatic DMVD. Seventy dogs with naturally-occurring DMVD and ventricular arrhythmias were retrospectively studied. A cross-sectional investigation including dogs with either symptomatic (stages C/D; n = 41) or asymptomatic (stages B1/B2; n = 29) DMVD was performed. Electrocardiographic tracings were reviewed to calculate both the CI and PI. In eight dogs these indices were compared with those obtained from both a Holter recording and a standard ECG tracing and no statistical differences were found (CI, p = 0.97; PI, p = 0.17). Even though CI and PI were determined in all animals enrolled in the study, VPC characteristics were only compared between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs when a 24-h Holter recording was available (n = 49). The PI was different (p = 0.01) between symptomatic (0.65 ± 0.17) and asymptomatic (0.56 ± 0.18) dogs, but CI was considered similar (p = 0.91). Also, the symptomatic dogs had more polymorphic VPC (p = 0.002) and supraventricular arrhythmias (p = 0.0002) than the asymptomatic animals. Polymorphism, and repeating patterns of ventricular premature complexes, were characteristics frequently present in overtly symptomatic animals affected by mitral endocardiosis.
室性心律失常（VA）是患有退行性二尖瓣疾病（DMVD）的犬类中一个公认的问题。在人类中，已知室性心律失常与心力衰竭迹象或猝死风险增加相关，耦合间期（CI）和早熟指数（PI）已被证明能准确区分良性和恶性室性心律失常。在本研究中，我们对有症状和无症状DMVD的犬类的室性心律失常进行了特征描述。对70只患有自然发生的DMVD和室性心律失常的犬进行了回顾性研究。进行了一项横断面调查，纳入了有症状（C/D期；n = 41）或无症状（B1/B2期；n = 29）DMVD的犬。对心电图记录进行回顾以计算CI和PI。在8只犬中，将这些指标与从动态心电图记录和标准心电图记录中获得的指标进行比较，未发现统计学差异（CI，p = 0.97；PI，p = 0.17）。尽管在本研究纳入的所有动物中都测定了CI和PI，但只有在有24小时动态心电图记录时（n = 49），才比较有症状和无症状犬之间的室性早搏特征。有症状（0.65±0.17）和无症状（0.56±0.18）犬之间的PI不同（p = 0.01），但CI被认为相似（p = 0.91）。此外，有症状的犬比无症状的动物有更多的多形性室性早搏（p = 0.002）和室上性心律失常（p = 0.0002）。多形性以及室性早搏的重复模式是受二尖瓣内膜炎影响的明显有症状动物中经常出现的特征。
