Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.
Nutrition and Behaviour Unit, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.
Appetite. 2018 Jul 1;126:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
Large portion sizes lead to increased intake. Some studies suggest that individuals are unaware that they consume more when served larger portions. In a between-subjects design we asked female participants (N = 48) how much pasta and tomato sauce they intended to consume for lunch prior to eating. We then provided a smaller or a larger portion of the same food and invited participants to self-serve a portion into a second bowl (same size in both conditions). After eating until comfortably full, participants were shown an image of the amount they had selected at the beginning of the meal. They were then asked whether they perceived having eaten more or less than this amount, and by how much more or less they had eaten. In total 46 responses were analysed. Of the participants who received the large portion and who ate more than intended, 77% (p = .029) correctly identified eating more. However, when participants were asked to indicate by how much they had eaten above or below their intended amount, those who ate more after receiving a larger portion underestimated their intake by 25% (p = .003). These findings suggest that greater intake from a larger portion is associated with an awareness of having eaten a large quantity combined with a failure to register the actual amount consumed (in the direction of underestimation). The latter might be attributed to an error associated with the visual estimation of volume.
大量的份量会导致摄入量增加。一些研究表明，个体在被提供更大份量时，可能没有意识到自己摄入了更多。在一项被试间设计中，我们要求女性参与者（N=48）在午餐前说出他们打算吃多少意大利面和番茄酱。然后，我们提供了相同食物的较小或较大份量，并邀请参与者将一份食物自行盛到第二个碗中（两种情况下碗的大小相同）。参与者吃到感到舒适饱足后，会看到他们在餐始时选择的份量的图像。然后，他们被问到是否认为自己吃了比这个份量更多或更少，以及他们实际多吃或少吃了多少。总共分析了 46 个回应。在收到大份量且吃多了的参与者中，77%（p=0.029）正确地认为自己吃多了。然而，当参与者被要求指出他们实际吃的量比预期的多还是少时，那些在收到大份量后吃得多的人低估了他们的摄入量 25%（p=0.003）。这些发现表明，从更大份量中摄入更多与意识到自己吃了大量食物有关，同时也未能记录实际消耗的量（倾向于低估）。后者可能归因于与体积视觉估计相关的错误。
