Suppr
超能文献

在随机对照饮食干预和血管功能（DIVAS-2）研究中，膳食脂肪酸对绝经后妇女餐后血压和血管内皮功能生物标志物有不同的影响，但对血管反应性没有影响。

Meal Fatty Acids Have Differential Effects on Postprandial Blood Pressure and Biomarkers of Endothelial Function but Not Vascular Reactivity in Postmenopausal Women in the Randomized Controlled Dietary Intervention and VAScular function (DIVAS)-2 Study.

机构信息

Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Whiteknights, United Kingdom.

Department of Applied Nutrition, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Sri Lanka.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2018 Mar 1;148(3):348-357. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxx042.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxx042

PMID:29546297

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Elevated postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations, impaired vascular function, and hypertension are important independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women. However, the effects of meal fat composition on postprandial lipemia and vascular function in postmenopausal women are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the impact of sequential meals rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), or n-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on postprandial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD; primary outcome measure), vascular function, and associated CVD risk biomarkers (secondary outcomes) in postmenopausal women.

METHODS

A double-blind, randomized, crossover, postprandial study was conducted in 32 postmenopausal women [mean ± SEM ages: 58 ± 1 y; mean ± SEM body mass index (in kg/m2): 25.9 ± 0.7]. After fasting overnight, participants consumed high-fat meals at breakfast (0 min; 50 g fat, containing 33-36 g SFAs, MUFAs, or n-6 PUFAs) and lunch (330 min; 30 g fat, containing 19-20 g SFAs, MUFAs, or n-6 PUFAs), on separate occasions. Blood samples were collected before breakfast and regularly after the meals for 480 min, with specific time points selected for measuring vascular function and blood pressure.

RESULTS

Postprandial FMD, laser Doppler imaging, and digital volume pulse responses were not different after consuming the test fats. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for diastolic blood pressure was lower after the MUFA-rich meals than after the SFA-rich meals (mean ± SEM: -2.3 ± 0.3 compared with -1.5 ± 0.3 mm Hg × 450 min × 103; P = 0.009), with a similar trend for systolic blood pressure (P = 0.012). This corresponded to a lower iAUC for the plasma nitrite response after the SFA-rich meals than after the MUFA-rich meals (-1.23 ± 0.7 compared with -0.17 ± 0.4 μmol/L × 420 min P = 0.010). The soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) time-course profile, AUC, and iAUC were lower after the n-6 PUFA-rich meals than after the SFA- and MUFA-rich meals (P ≤ 0.001). Lipids, glucose, and markers of insulin sensitivity did not differ between the test fats.

CONCLUSION

Our study showed a differential impact of meal fat composition on blood pressure, plasma nitrite, and sICAM-1, but no effect on postprandial FMD or lipemia in postmenopausal women. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02144454.

摘要

背景

餐后甘油三酯浓度升高、血管功能受损和高血压是女性独立的重要心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素。然而，关于不同膳食脂肪组成对绝经后妇女餐后脂血症和血管功能的影响尚不清楚。

目的

本研究旨在探讨富含饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）或 n-6（ω-6）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的序贯餐对绝经后妇女餐后血流介导的扩张（FMD；主要观察终点）、血管功能和相关 CVD 风险生物标志物（次要观察终点）的影响。

方法

在 32 名绝经后妇女中进行了一项双盲、随机、交叉、餐后研究[平均±SEM 年龄：58±1 岁；平均±SEM 体重指数（kg/m2）：25.9±0.7]。参与者在禁食过夜后，分别在早餐（0 分钟；50 克脂肪，含 33-36 克 SFAs、MUFAs 或 n-6 PUFAs）和午餐（330 分钟；30 克脂肪，含 19-20 克 SFAs、MUFAs 或 n-6 PUFAs）时摄入高脂肪餐。在 480 分钟内，分别在餐前和餐后定期采集血样，并选择特定时间点测量血管功能和血压。

结果

餐后 FMD、激光多普勒成像和数字体积脉搏反应在摄入测试脂肪后没有差异。与富含 SFA 的膳食相比，富含 MUFA 的膳食餐后舒张压的增量 AUC 较低（平均±SEM：-2.3±0.3 与-1.5±0.3 mm Hg×450 min×103；P=0.009），收缩压也有类似的趋势（P=0.012）。这对应于富含 SFA 的膳食后血浆亚硝酸盐反应的增量 AUC 低于富含 MUFA 的膳食（-1.23±0.7 与-0.17±0.4 μmol/L×420 min P=0.010）。富含 n-6 PUFA 的膳食后可溶性细胞间黏附分子 1（sICAM-1）时间进程曲线、AUC 和增量 AUC 均低于富含 SFA 和 MUFA 的膳食（P≤0.001）。测试脂肪之间的脂质、葡萄糖和胰岛素敏感性标志物没有差异。