Perreira Krista M, Marchante Ashley N, Schwartz Seth J, Isasi Carmen R, Carnethon Mercedes R, Corliss Heather L, Kaplan Robert C, Santisteban Daniel A, Vidot Denise C, Van Horn Linda, Delamater Alan M
Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Carolina Population Center, CB #8120, 206 W. Franklin St., Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2019 Feb;21(1):4-13. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0724-7.
This study examined associations of immigrant generation, acculturation, and sources of stress and resilience with four outcomes-depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, alcohol susceptibility, and smoking susceptibility. We used data from 1466 youth (ages 8-16) enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth), a probability sample of Hispanic/Latino youth living in Chicago (IL), Miami (FL), Bronx (NY), and San Diego (CA). We found no evidence of an immigrant paradox. Greater children's acculturative stress was associated with depression/anxiety symptoms; greater parent's acculturative stress was associated with smoking susceptibility. Family functioning and children's ethnic identity were associated with fewer depression/anxiety symptoms and lower alcohol/smoking susceptibility. Although acculturation-related stressors increase youths' risks for poor mental health and substance use, the development of positive ethnic identities and close, well-functioning family support systems can help protect Latino/Hispanic children from the negative behavioral and health-related consequences of stress.
本研究考察了移民代际、文化适应、压力源和复原力与四种结果之间的关联，这四种结果分别是抑郁症状、焦虑症状、酒精易感性和吸烟易感性。我们使用了来自1466名8至16岁青少年的数据，这些青少年参与了拉丁裔青年西班牙裔社区健康研究（SOL青年研究），该研究是居住在芝加哥（伊利诺伊州）、迈阿密（佛罗里达州）、布朗克斯（纽约州）和圣地亚哥（加利福尼亚州）的西班牙裔/拉丁裔青年的概率样本。我们没有发现移民悖论的证据。儿童更大的文化适应压力与抑郁/焦虑症状相关；父母更大的文化适应压力与吸烟易感性相关。家庭功能和儿童的族群认同与较少的抑郁/焦虑症状以及较低的酒精/吸烟易感性相关。尽管与文化适应相关的压力源会增加青少年出现心理健康问题和物质使用问题的风险，但积极的族群认同以及亲密、功能良好的家庭支持系统的发展可以帮助保护拉丁裔/西班牙裔儿童免受压力带来的负面行为和健康相关后果的影响。
