Pieniazek Malgorzata, Matkowski Rafal, Donizy Piotr
Department of Clinical Oncology, Tadeusz Koszarowski Regional Oncology Centre, Opole 45-061, Poland.
Department of Oncology and Division of Surgical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-367, Poland.
Oncol Lett. 2018 Apr;15(4):5399-5404. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.8021. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer and its onset and growth are associated, through direct and indirect interactions, with the cancer microenvironment. The microenvironment comprises a dynamic complex of numerous types of cells (due to histogenesis) that constantly interact with each other through multiple cytokines and signaling proteins. Macrophages are one of the most thoroughly studied pleiotropic cells of the immune system. One of their major cytophysiological functions is their involvement in phagocytosis. Previous studies examining the microenvironment of melanomas and tumor-associated macrophages have revealed that they are involved in all stages of melanomagenesis. In the case of cancer initiation, they form an inflammatory microenvironment and then suppress the anticancer activity of the immune system, stimulate angiogenesis, enhance migration and invasion of the cancer cells, and ultimately contribute to the metastatic process. The present review provides a detailed overview on the function of macrophages in the melanoma microenvironment.
皮肤黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性癌症，其发生和生长通过直接和间接相互作用与癌症微环境相关。微环境由多种类型细胞（由于组织发生）组成的动态复合体构成，这些细胞通过多种细胞因子和信号蛋白不断相互作用。巨噬细胞是免疫系统中研究最深入的多能细胞之一。它们的主要细胞生理功能之一是参与吞噬作用。先前研究黑色素瘤微环境和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞发现，它们参与黑色素瘤发生的各个阶段。在癌症起始阶段，它们形成炎症微环境，然后抑制免疫系统的抗癌活性，刺激血管生成，增强癌细胞的迁移和侵袭，最终促成转移过程。本综述详细概述了巨噬细胞在黑色素瘤微环境中的功能。
