School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201403, China.
BMC Genomics. 2018 Mar 20;19(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4587-z.
The anthocyanins are highly enriched in eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) with purple peel. However, our previous study showed that anthocyanins biosynthesis in eggplant cultivar 'Lanshan Hexian' was completely regulated by light and color becomes evident at most 2 days after exposure to light. In the present investigation, transcriptome study was made to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) before color becomes evident.
RNA-Seq was performed for four time points (0, 0.5, 4 and 8 h after bags removal) where concerted changes happened. A total of 32,630 genes or transcripts were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, from which 1956 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found. Gene Ontology analysis showed that the 1956 DEGs covered a wide range of cellular components, molecular functions and biological processes. All the DEGs were further divided into 26 clusters based on their distinct expression patterns. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis found out 24 structural anthocyanin biosynthesis genes which distributing in seven clusters. In addition, 102 transcription factors, which exhibited highly dynamic changes in response to light, were found in the seven clusters. Three photoreceptors, UV Resistance Locus 8 (UVR8), Cryptochrome 3 (CRY3) and UVR3, were identified as DEGs. The light signal transduction elements, COP1 and two SPAs, might be responsible for anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation.
Based on the transcriptome data, the anthocyanin biosynthesis structural genes, transcription factors, photoreceptors and light signal transduction elements were quickly screened which may act as the key regulatory factors in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. By comparing the transcriptome data with our previous studies, 869 genes were confirmed to participate in the light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. These results expand our knowledge of light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants, which allowing for fruit coloration to be improved under low-light conditions in future.
茄子（Solanum melongena L.）的紫色果皮中富含花色苷。然而，我们之前的研究表明，茄子品种“兰山和弦”中的花色苷生物合成完全受光照调控，在暴露于光后 2 天左右颜色最为明显。在本研究中，我们进行了转录组研究，以探索茄子（Solanum melongena L.）在颜色明显变化之前光诱导花色苷生物合成的潜在分子机制。
在四个时间点（去除袋子后的 0、0.5、4 和 8 小时）进行 RNA-Seq 分析，这些时间点发生了协同变化。通过转录组测序共获得 32630 个基因或转录本，其中发现了 1956 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。基因本体论分析表明，这 1956 个 DEGs 涵盖了广泛的细胞成分、分子功能和生物学过程。所有 DEGs 进一步根据其不同的表达模式分为 26 个簇。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）途径富集分析发现了 24 个结构花色苷生物合成基因，它们分布在七个簇中。此外，在这七个簇中还发现了 102 个转录因子，它们对光的响应表现出高度的动态变化。鉴定出三个光受体，UV Resistance Locus 8（UVR8）、Cryptochrome 3（CRY3）和 UVR3，为 DEGs。光信号转导元件，COP1 和两个 SPA，可能负责花色苷生物合成的调控。
基于转录组数据，快速筛选出花色苷生物合成结构基因、转录因子、光受体和光信号转导元件，它们可能作为花色苷生物合成途径的关键调控因子。通过将转录组数据与我们之前的研究进行比较，确认了 869 个基因参与了光诱导的花色苷生物合成。这些结果扩展了我们对植物光诱导花色苷生物合成的认识，为未来在低光照条件下改善果实着色提供了可能。
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