Eggplant ( L.) is a highly nutritious and economically important vegetable crop. However, the fruit peel of eggplant often shows poor coloration owing to low-light intensity during cultivation, especially in the winter. The less-photosensitive varieties produce anthocyanin in low light or even dark conditions, making them valuable breeding materials. Nevertheless, genes responsible for anthocyanin biosynthesis in less-photosensitive eggplant varieties are not characterized. In this study, an EMS mutant, named (), was used to identify the key genes responsible for less-photosensitive coloration. Under natural conditions, the peel color and anthocyanin content in fruits were similar to that of wildtype '14-345'. The bagged fruits were light purple, whereas those of '14-345' were white; and the anthocyanin content in the fruit peel was significantly higher than that in '14-345'. Genetic analysis revealed that the less-photosensitive trait was controlled by a single dominant gene. The candidate gene was mapped on chromosome 10 in the region 7.72 Mb to 11.71 Mb. Thirty-five differentially expressed genes, including 12 structural genes, such as , , , , , and , and three transcription factors , , and , were identified in using RNA-seq. Four candidate genes (myb domain protein 113), (unknown protein), (CAAX amino-terminal protease family protein), and (CAAX amino-terminal protease family protein) were identified as putative genes associated with less-photosensitive anthocyanin biosynthesis in . These findings may clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying less-photosensitive anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant.