Lugtmeijer Selma, de Haan Edward H F, Kessels Roy P C
a Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour , Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.
b Brain & Cognition , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2019 May;26(3):387-406. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2018.1451480. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
Working memory and episodic memory decline with age. However, as they are typically studied separately, it is largely unknown whether age-associated differences are similar. A task design was developed in which visual working memory and episodic memory performances were measured using the same stimuli, with both tasks involving context binding. A 2-back working memory task was followed by a surprise subsequent recognition memory task that assessed incidental encoding of object locations of the 2-back task. The study compared performance of younger (N=30; M=23.5, SD=2.9, range=20-29) and older adults (N=29; M=72.1, SD=6.8, range=62-90). Older adults performed worse than younger adults, without an interaction effect. In younger, but not in older adults, performance on the two tasks was related. We conclude that although age differences (Young>Older) are similar in the working memory and incidental associative memory tasks, the relationship between the two memory systems differs as a function of age group.
工作记忆和情景记忆会随着年龄的增长而衰退。然而，由于它们通常是分开研究的，所以年龄相关差异是否相似在很大程度上尚不清楚。为此开发了一种任务设计，其中使用相同的刺激来测量视觉工作记忆和情景记忆表现，且两项任务都涉及情境绑定。先进行一个2-back工作记忆任务，随后是一个意外的后续识别记忆任务，该任务评估2-back任务中物体位置的附带编码。该研究比较了年轻人（N = 30；M = 23.5，SD = 2.9，范围 = 20 - 29）和老年人（N = 29；M = 72.1，SD = 6.8，范围 = 62 - 90）的表现。老年人的表现比年轻人差，且不存在交互效应。在年轻人中，而非老年人中，两项任务的表现存在关联。我们得出结论，尽管在工作记忆和附带联想记忆任务中年龄差异（年轻人>老年人）相似，但两个记忆系统之间的关系因年龄组而异。
