Baranov A A, Namazova-Baranova L S, Terletskaia R N, Baibarina E N, Chumakova O V, Ustinova N V, Antonova E V
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2017 Jan-Feb;25(1):23-9.
The analysis was implemented concerning informational statistic data characterizing health of children population of different age groups in the Russian Federation on the basis of results of dispensarization in its federal okrugs and subjects in 2014. The purpose of the study was to discover ways and modes of developing and increasing efficiency of preventive examinations of underage population. The following indices were analyzed: coverage of children population by preventive medical examinations, distribution according health groups and medical groups for physical culture involvement, level and stricture of established total and primary morbidity, rate of dispensary registration, requirements in additional consultations, examinations and treatment in out-patient condition, day hospital, day-and-night hospital and also coverage with all these medical services. In the most of the subjects of the Russian Federation a high level of coverage of underage population with preventive medical examinations is registered. The percentage of healthy children population in the Russian Federation comprises more than one third of all covered by dispensarization. The significant variations in indices of rate of healthy children and children with functional disorders and chronic diseases in subjects of the Russian Federation is determined by quality and accessibility of medical care at the regional level. The established total and primary morbidity of children population in significant percentage (more than one third) of the subjects has a level higher than a national one. The leading causes of morbidity in children are diseases of respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system. In adolescents, these causes are diseases of musculoskeletal system, eye diseases and diseases of respiratory system. Despite high prevalence of chronic pathology in children population of the Russian Federation, the guidelines concerning treatment and rehabilitation on the basis of results of preventive medical examinations were developed in inadequate scope. The regional characteristics of the results of dispensarization are established. These results made it possible to sort out the most unfavorable territories and to determine defects in its organization and absence of continuity between medeical institutions providing the given type of medical services.
基于2014年俄罗斯联邦各联邦管区和主体进行的健康检查结果，对表征俄罗斯不同年龄组儿童人口健康状况的信息统计数据进行了分析。该研究的目的是探索发展和提高未成年人口预防性检查效率的方法和模式。分析了以下指标：儿童人口接受预防性医学检查的覆盖率、按健康组和体育锻炼参与医疗组的分布情况、既定的总发病率和初级发病率的水平及严格程度、门诊登记率、门诊条件下额外咨询、检查和治疗的需求、日间医院、日夜医院以及所有这些医疗服务的覆盖率。在俄罗斯联邦的大多数主体中，未成年人口接受预防性医学检查的覆盖率较高。俄罗斯联邦健康儿童人口的百分比占所有接受健康检查人口的三分之一以上。俄罗斯联邦各主体中健康儿童以及患有功能障碍和慢性病儿童的指标存在显著差异，这取决于地区层面医疗服务的质量和可及性。在相当比例（超过三分之一）的主体中，儿童人口既定的总发病率和初级发病率高于全国水平。儿童发病的主要原因是呼吸系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统疾病、神经系统疾病。在青少年中，这些原因是肌肉骨骼系统疾病、眼部疾病和呼吸系统疾病。尽管俄罗斯联邦儿童人口中慢性病患病率较高，但基于预防性医学检查结果的治疗和康复指南制定得并不充分。确定了健康检查结果的地区特征。这些结果有助于梳理出最不利的地区，并确定其组织方面的缺陷以及提供特定类型医疗服务的医疗机构之间缺乏连续性的问题。
