Boiytsov S A, Samorodskaya I V
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2014 Mar-Apr(2):20-5.
The age-specific mortality coefficients and years of life lost as a result of premature mortality are among important medical demographic characteristics of population health. The study analyzed age and sex indicators of mortality of population in the Russian Federation. The number of years of life lost as a result of premature mortality is calculated. The comparison of values of years of life lost in various subjects of the Russian Federation was carried out. The data of Rosstat concerning population size and number of the deceased in year age groups in the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation in 2012 was used. The indicator was calculated on the basis of technique included into "The global burden of diseases report" (2010). The minimal indicators of mortality of males are noted at the age of 11 years (25.4 per 100 000 of population) and females at the age of 10 years (18.2 per 100 000 of population). The maximal differences in indicators of mortality of males and females are marked in the age group 20-29 years (314.5 of males and 92.3 of females per 100 000 of population). The percentage of deceased prior 70 years consists 63.2% among males and 29.9% among females. The total number of years of life lost in the Russian Federation consisted 36 864 309 and out of them 24 321 992 (65.9%) as a result of death of males and 12 542 317 (34.1%) as a result of death of females. The maximum percentage of years of life lost among males is marked in the age group of 51-60 years (24.61%) and among females in the age group of 71-80 years (22.38%). The indicator of years of life lost per 100 000 of population consisted 25769 for total population, 36 753 for male population and 16 314 for female population. The highest rate of indicator of years of life lost is marked in the Chukchi Autonomous Okrug and the lowest rate in the Republics of the Northern Caucasus and Moscow. However, in all subjects of the Russian Federation indicator of years of life lost is higher than in economically developed countries. The highest rate of indicator of years of life lost in the age group of up to 70 years is marked among males in regions of Siberia and Far East.
特定年龄的死亡率系数以及因过早死亡而损失的寿命年数是人口健康重要的医学人口统计学特征。该研究分析了俄罗斯联邦人口死亡率的年龄和性别指标。计算了因过早死亡而损失的寿命年数。对俄罗斯联邦各主体中损失的寿命年数的值进行了比较。使用了俄罗斯联邦国家统计局关于2012年俄罗斯联邦及俄罗斯联邦各主体按年龄组划分的人口规模和死亡人数的数据。该指标是根据《2010年全球疾病负担报告》中包含的技术计算得出的。男性死亡率的最低指标出现在11岁（每10万人口中有25.4人），女性死亡率的最低指标出现在10岁（每10万人口中有18.2人）。男性和女性死亡率指标的最大差异出现在20 - 29岁年龄组（每10万人口中男性为314.5人，女性为92.3人）。70岁之前死亡的男性占63.2%，女性占29.9%。俄罗斯联邦损失的寿命年数总数为36864309年，其中男性死亡导致的为24321992年（65.9%），女性死亡导致的为12542317年（34.1%）。男性中损失寿命年数的最大百分比出现在51 - 60岁年龄组（24.61%），女性中出现在71 - 80岁年龄组（22.38%）。每10万人口中损失的寿命年数指标，总人口为25769年，男性人口为36753年，女性人口为16314年。损失寿命年数指标的最高值出现在楚科奇自治区，最低值出现在北高加索共和国和莫斯科。然而，在俄罗斯联邦的所有主体中，损失寿命年数指标均高于经济发达国家。在70岁以下年龄组中，男性损失寿命年数指标的最高值出现在西伯利亚和远东地区。
