University of Illinois at Chicago - College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
University of Washington, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
West J Emerg Med. 2018 Mar;19(2):423-429. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2017.10.35108. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The implementation of creative new strategies to increase layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation may improve resuscitation in priority populations. As more communities implement laws requiring CPR training in high schools, there is potential for a multiplier effect and reach into priority communities with low bystander-CPR rates.
We investigated the feasibility, knowledge acquisition, and dissemination of a high school-centered, CPR video self-instruction program with a "pay-it-forward" component in a low-income, urban, predominantly Black neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois with historically low bystander-CPR rates. Ninth and tenth graders followed a video self-instruction kit in a classroom setting to learn CPR. As homework, students were required to use the training kit to "pay it forward" and teach CPR to their friends and family. We administered pre- and post-intervention knowledge surveys to measure knowledge acquisition among classroom and "pay-it-forward" participants.
Seventy-one classroom participants trained 347 of their friends and family, for an average of 4.9 additional persons trained per kit. Classroom CPR knowledge survey scores increased from 58% to 93% (p < 0.0001). The pay-it-forward cohort saw an increase from 58% to 82% (p < 0.0001).
A high school-centered, CPR educational intervention with a "pay-it-forward" component can disseminate CPR knowledge beyond the classroom. Because schools are centrally-organized settings to which all children and their families have access, school-based interventions allow for a broad reach that encompasses all segments of the population and have potential to decrease disparities in bystander CPR provision.
实施创造性的新策略来提高非专业人员的心肺复苏术 (CPR) 和除颤术，可能会提高重点人群的复苏成功率。随着越来越多的社区实施要求在高中进行 CPR 培训的法律，有可能产生乘数效应，并将急救复苏培训深入到旁观者 CPR 率较低的重点社区。
我们在伊利诺伊州芝加哥市一个低收入、以黑人为主的城市社区中，调查了一种以高中为中心的、带有“传递下去”环节的 CPR 视频自我指导计划的可行性、知识获取和传播情况，该社区的旁观者 CPR 率历来较低。九至十年级的学生在课堂环境中按照视频自我指导套件进行 CPR 培训。作为家庭作业，学生需要使用培训套件“传递下去”，并向他们的朋友和家人教授 CPR。我们在干预前后对知识进行调查，以衡量课堂和“传递下去”参与者的知识获取情况。
71 名课堂参与者培训了 347 名朋友和家人，每个套件平均额外培训 4.9 人。课堂 CPR 知识调查的分数从 58%提高到 93%（p<0.0001）。“传递下去”组的分数从 58%提高到 82%（p<0.0001）。
以高中为中心的 CPR 教育干预措施，带有“传递下去”环节，可以将 CPR 知识传播到课堂之外。由于学校是所有儿童及其家庭都可以进入的集中组织场所，因此基于学校的干预措施可以广泛覆盖所有人群，并有潜力减少旁观者 CPR 提供方面的差异。
