Wang Yanyan, Guo Xiaochao, Liu Qingfeng, Xiao Huajun, Bai Yu
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018 Apr 1;89(4):371-376. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4822.2018.
Inappropriate design eye point (DEP) will lead to nonstandard sitting postures, including nonneutral head positions and other uncomfortable sitting postures, which are high risk factors for neck pain in fighter pilots exposed to high G forces. Therefore, application of a 3D measurement method to collect data regarding eye position while in the cruising sitting posture in the aircraft cockpit to guide the design eye point has been proposed.
A total of 304 male fixed wing aircraft pilots were divided into two groups. Subgroup A (N = 48) were studied to define the cruising posture during flight. Subgroup B (N = 256) were studied with Romer 3D measurement equipment to locate the cruising eye position of the pilots in a simulated cockpit. The 3D data were compared to DEP data in the current standard cockpit.
According to 3D measurement, the vertical distance from the cruising eye point to the neutral seat reference point was 759 mm, which is 36 mm lower than that of the Chinese standard DEP and also lower than the U.S. military standard. The horizontal distance was 131 mm, which is 24 mm shorter than that of the Chinese standard.
The current DEP data cannot fulfill the needs of fighter pilots and should be amended according to the results of the 3D measurement so that pilots can acquire the optimal cruising posture in flight. This new method has the value of practical application to investigate cockpit ergonomics and the measurement data can guide DEP design.Wang Y, Guo X, Liu Q, Xiao H, Bai Y. Three-dimensional measurement applied in design eye point of aircraft cockpits. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(4):371-376.
不合适的设计眼点（DEP）会导致非标准坐姿，包括头部非中立位置及其他不舒服的坐姿，这对于暴露于高过载的战斗机飞行员而言是颈部疼痛的高风险因素。因此，有人提出应用三维测量方法来收集飞行员在飞机驾驶舱巡航坐姿时的眼睛位置数据，以指导设计眼点。
总共304名男性固定翼飞机飞行员被分为两组。A组（N = 48）用于研究飞行中的巡航姿势。B组（N = 256）使用罗默三维测量设备来确定飞行员在模拟驾驶舱中的巡航眼位。将三维数据与当前标准驾驶舱中的DEP数据进行比较。
根据三维测量，巡航眼点到中立座椅参考点的垂直距离为759毫米，比中国标准DEP低36毫米，也低于美国军事标准。水平距离为131毫米，比中国标准短24毫米。
当前的DEP数据无法满足战斗机飞行员的需求，应根据三维测量结果进行修正，以便飞行员在飞行中获得最佳巡航姿势。这种新方法在研究驾驶舱人体工程学方面具有实际应用价值，测量数据可指导DEP设计。王Y，郭X，刘Q，肖H，白Y。三维测量应用于飞机驾驶舱设计眼点。航空航天医学与人类表现。2018；89(4)：371 - 376。
