Kalyan Aparna, Kircher Sheetal, Shah Hiral, Mulcahy Mary, Benson Al
Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Gastrointest Oncol. 2018 Feb;9(1):160-169. doi: 10.21037/jgo.2018.01.17.
Despite significant advances in standard of care therapies, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) remains around 12%. Immunotherapy has not provided the stellar advances in colorectal cancer that has been seen in other malignancies. Immunotherapy appears to play a pivotal role in microsatellite unstable CRC tumors where the response rates are profound. These results have led to FDA approval of pembrolizumab for MSI-H CRC tumors. Additional research into several new immune agents including IDO inhibitors, vaccine therapy and combinatorial agents are being evaluated for CRC. This review will provide an overview of the approaches currently being investigated.
尽管在标准护理疗法方面取得了重大进展，但转移性结直肠癌（CRC）的5年生存率仍保持在12%左右。免疫疗法在结直肠癌中并未像在其他恶性肿瘤中那样取得显著进展。免疫疗法似乎在微卫星不稳定的CRC肿瘤中起关键作用，此类肿瘤的反应率很高。这些结果已导致美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准派姆单抗用于微卫星高度不稳定（MSI-H）的CRC肿瘤。目前正在对包括吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶（IDO）抑制剂、疫苗疗法和联合制剂在内的几种新型免疫制剂进行更多研究，以用于CRC治疗。本综述将概述目前正在研究的方法。
