Tuur S M, Nelson A M, Gibson D W, Neafie R C, Johnson F B, Mostofi F K, Connor D H
Am J Surg Pathol. 1987 Aug;11(8):598-605.
Liesegang rings (LRs) are periodic precipitation zones from supersaturated solutions in colloidal systems. They are formed by a process that involves an interplay of diffusion, nucleation, flocculation or precipitation, and supersaturation. Examples include LRs of calcium carbonate in oölitic limestone (in nature), LRs of silver chromate in gelatin (in vitro), and LRs of glycoprotein in pulmonary corpora amylacea (in vivo). Here we describe LRs in lesions from 29 patients--mostly lesions of the kidney, synovium, conjunctiva, and eyelid. The LRs formed in cysts, or in fibrotic, inflamed, or necrotic tissue. The LRs in this study varied greatly in shape and size, measuring 7-800 microns. Special stains and energy-dispersive radiographic analysis or scanning electron microscopy revealed that some LRs contained calcium, iron (hemosiderin), silicon, and sulfur. Some pathologists have mistaken LRs for eggs, larvae, or adults of the giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale. D. renale is a large blood-red nematode that infects a variety of fish-eating mammals, especially mink. Fourteen documented infections of humans have been recorded, usually with adult worms expelled from the urethra. The adult worms are probably the largest helminth to parasitize humans. Eggs of D. renale are constant in size (60-80 microns X 39-47 microns), contain an embryo, and have characteristic sculpturing of the shell. Liesegang rings should not be mistaken for eggs, larvae, or adults of D. renale, or for any other helminth.
李塞冈环（LRs）是胶体系统中过饱和溶液产生的周期性沉淀带。它们是由扩散、成核、絮凝或沉淀以及过饱和之间相互作用的过程形成的。例子包括鲕粒灰岩中碳酸钙的李塞冈环（自然界中）、明胶中铬酸银的李塞冈环（体外）以及肺淀粉样体中糖蛋白的李塞冈环（体内）。在此我们描述了29例患者病变中的李塞冈环，主要是肾脏、滑膜、结膜和眼睑的病变。李塞冈环在囊肿中形成，或在纤维化、发炎或坏死组织中形成。本研究中的李塞冈环在形状和大小上差异很大，尺寸为7 - 800微米。特殊染色以及能量色散射线分析或扫描电子显微镜显示，一些李塞冈环含有钙、铁（含铁血黄素）、硅和硫。一些病理学家曾将李塞冈环误认为是巨肾虫（肾膨结线虫）的卵、幼虫或成虫。肾膨结线虫是一种大型血红色线虫，可感染多种食鱼哺乳动物，尤其是水貂。已记录有14例人类感染病例，通常是成虫从尿道排出。成虫可能是寄生于人类的最大蠕虫。肾膨结线虫的卵大小恒定（60 - 80微米×39 - 47微米），含有一个胚胎，并且卵壳有特征性的纹饰。李塞冈环不应被误认为是肾膨结线虫的卵、幼虫或成虫，也不应与任何其他蠕虫混淆。
