Garami Julia, Valikhani Ahmad, Parkes Denise, Haber Paul, Mahlberg Justin, Misiak Blazej, Frydecka Dorota, Moustafa Ahmed A
School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Milperra, New South Wales, Australia.
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Psychol Rep. 2019 Apr;122(2):433-450. doi: 10.1177/0033294118764918. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
The investigation of psychosocial factors in relation to opiate addiction is limited and typically uses binary measures to assess how incidences of childhood trauma correlate with addiction. There has also been a lack of enquiry into how experiences of noninterpersonal versus interpersonal trauma may impact drug use addiction. In this regard, the current study utilized a novel measurement of interpersonal versus noninterpersonal lifetime trauma and a scale assessing severity of childhood trauma to examine how these factors may impact patients with opioid addiction. The interaction between these factors and current perceived stress was also examined. Thirty-six opioid-dependent individuals (recruited from the Drug Health Services and Opioid Treatment Program at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, Australia) and 33 healthy controls completed the Childhood Maltreatment Questionnaire, Lifetime Trauma Survey, and Perceived Levels of Stress Scale. The patient group reported significantly greater childhood trauma severity, more incidences of lifetime trauma, and higher perceived stress than controls. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the severity of childhood trauma was more strongly associated with addiction status than perceived stress. A greater number of lifetime trauma incidence was the best predictor of addiction. Contrary to expectations, noninterpersonal lifetime trauma was a better predictor of addiction status than was interpersonal lifetime trauma. Results suggest that lifetime trauma and childhood trauma may play an important factor in opioid addiction over what can be accounted for by stress.
关于阿片类药物成瘾的社会心理因素的研究有限，且通常使用二元测量方法来评估童年创伤的发生率与成瘾之间的相关性。对于非人际创伤与人际创伤的经历如何影响药物使用成瘾，也缺乏相关探究。在这方面，本研究采用了一种新颖的人际与非人际终身创伤测量方法以及一个评估童年创伤严重程度的量表，以研究这些因素如何影响阿片类药物成瘾患者。还考察了这些因素与当前感知压力之间的相互作用。36名阿片类药物依赖个体（从澳大利亚悉尼皇家阿尔弗雷德王子医院的药物健康服务和阿片类药物治疗项目中招募）和33名健康对照者完成了童年虐待问卷、终身创伤调查和感知压力量表。患者组报告的童年创伤严重程度显著更高、终身创伤发生率更多，且感知压力高于对照组。逻辑回归分析表明，童年创伤的严重程度比感知压力与成瘾状态的关联更强。终身创伤发生率更高是成瘾的最佳预测指标。与预期相反，非人际终身创伤比人际终身创伤更能预测成瘾状态。结果表明，终身创伤和童年创伤可能在阿片类药物成瘾中起重要作用，其影响超过了压力所能解释的范围。
