Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Choroszcz, Poland (NW, SDS); Hospital Emergency Department, Paediatric University Hospital, Białystok, Poland (WO, UK, KP, WM, AB-P); Medical Institute, College of Computer Science and Business Administration, Łomża, Poland (SC); Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland (AW); Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Pruszków, Poland (AS); Medical College of the Universal Education Society, Łomża, Poland (KZ).
J Addict Med. 2018 Jul/Aug;12(4):329-335. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000411.
There is a lack of accurate alcohol-use biomarkers in children/adolescents due to a short drinking duration/rapid normalization of elevated markers. We checked if lysosomal exoglycosidases, elevated earlier in binge-drinking young adults, can be applicable in children/adolescents as markers of harmful alcohol use.
The serum activities (pKat/mL) of α-fucosidase (FUC), β-galactosidase (GAL), β-glucuronidase (GLU), β-hexosaminidase (HEX; its HEX A and HEX B isoenzymes), and α-mannosidase (MAN) were determined in 20 healthy controls (C) and 25 children/adolescents with harmful alcohol use (intoxicated by alcohol at hospital admission -AI1 and on the next day -AI2).
The serum HEX A and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity was significantly higher in the AI1 group than in the control. The activities of FUC, GAL, GLU, HEX B, and MAN were lower in the AI group. We found fair and poor accuracy, respectively, for increased enzymes HEX A and ALT. We found fair accuracy for decreased HEX B (AI1) and MAN (AI1), good accuracy for GLU (AI2), FUC (AI2), GAL (AI1, AI2), MAN (AI2), and excellent for FUC (AI1). Correlations were found: ALT with C-reactive protein (CRP), HEX A with white blood cell (WBC) count, blood alcohol concentration with FUC, MAN and HEX B, and WBC with FUC.
Decreased FUC, GLU, GAL, MAN values, and especially FUC (AI1) have the potential to be markers of harmful alcohol use in children/adolescents. The raised activity of HEX A and ALT points to the need for further research to check another inflammatory agent as potential alcohol marker in children and adolescents. Samples need to be collected before intravenous fluid therapy.
由于儿童和青少年饮酒时间短/升高的标志物迅速恢复正常，因此缺乏准确的酒精使用生物标志物。我们检查了在 binge-drinking 年轻成年人中更早升高的溶酶体外糖苷酶是否可作为儿童和青少年有害酒精使用的标志物。
在 20 名健康对照者（C）和 25 名有有害酒精使用史的儿童和青少年（因入院时饮酒而中毒 -AI1 和次日 -AI2）中测定血清 α-岩藻糖苷酶（FUC）、β-半乳糖苷酶（GAL）、β-葡糖苷酶（GLU）、β-己糖胺酶（HEX；其 HEX A 和 HEX B 同工酶）和 α-甘露糖苷酶（MAN）的活性（pKat/mL）。
AI1 组血清 HEX A 和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活性明显高于对照组。AI 组 FUC、GAL、GLU、HEX B 和 MAN 的活性较低。我们发现，升高的酶 HEX A 和 ALT 的准确性分别为中等和较差。我们发现，降低的 HEX B（AI1）和 MAN（AI1）的准确性较低，GLU（AI2）、FUC（AI2）、GAL（AI1、AI2）、MAN（AI2）的准确性较好，而 FUC（AI1）的准确性极好。我们发现 ALT 与 C 反应蛋白（CRP）、HEX A 与白细胞计数（WBC）、血液酒精浓度与 FUC、MAN 和 HEX B、WBC 与 FUC 之间存在相关性。
降低的 FUC、GLU、GAL、MAN 值，尤其是 FUC（AI1），有可能成为儿童和青少年有害酒精使用的标志物。升高的 HEX A 和 ALT 活性表明需要进一步研究，以检查另一种炎症因子是否可作为儿童和青少年潜在的酒精标志物。需要在静脉输液治疗前采集样本。
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