大高良姜（Alpinia galanga（Linn.）Swartz.）花的植物化学特征、抗菌和抗氧化活性。
Phytochemical profiles, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of greater galangal [Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Swartz.] flowers.
机构信息
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln 68588, USA.
出版信息
Food Chem. 2018 Jul 30;255:300-308. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.027. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
Previous studies of galangal (Alpinia galanga) have focussed mostly on rhizomes but seldom on flowers. A comprehensive look at galangal flowers could reveal additional benefits. The chemical composition of galangal flowers was significantly (p < 0.05) different from that of galangal rhizome. Pentadecane and α-humulene were identified as major compounds of galangal flower essential oil. 1'-acetoxyeugenol acetate was identified as the highest compound in flowers and exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity among all fractions, with MIC values of 34 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and 68 μg/ml against Listeria monocytogenes. Galangal flowers had a 3-fold higher total phenols content than had rhizomes (10.5 vs. 3.33 mg GAE/g powder). The antioxidant activities of different flower fractions varied from 2 to 4.45 mmol trolox/g phenolics. These findings suggest that antimicrobial and antioxidant agents extracted from galangal flowers could potentially be utilized as natural food preservatives or as therapeutic agents.
先前对蓬莪术（Alpinia galanga）的研究主要集中在根茎上，但很少关注花。全面研究蓬莪术花可能会揭示出更多的益处。蓬莪术花的化学成分与根茎有显著差异（p<0.05）。十五烷和α-葎草烯被鉴定为蓬莪术花精油的主要成分。1'-乙酰氧基丁香酚乙酸酯被鉴定为花朵中含量最高的化合物，在所有馏分中表现出最强的抗菌活性，对金黄色葡萄球菌的 MIC 值为 34μg/ml，对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的 MIC 值为 68μg/ml。蓬莪术花的总酚含量是根茎的 3 倍（10.5 比 3.33mg GAE/g 粉末）。不同花馏分的抗氧化活性在 2 至 4.45mmol 没食子酸当量/酚之间变化。这些发现表明，从蓬莪术花中提取的抗菌和抗氧化剂可能可被用作天然食品防腐剂或治疗剂。
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