Sousa Clemente N, Ligeiro Inês, Teles Paulo, Paixão Lúcia, Dias Vanessa Ff, Cristovão António F
CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal.
Nursing School of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Ther Apher Dial. 2018 Aug;22(4):332-336. doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.12664. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Teaching/educating patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and identifying their self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation are very important. However, the self-care behaviors regularly performed by patients are still unknown. We compared self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation performed by patients who are/are not followed-up by the nephrologist. The study design was a prospective, observational and comparative study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: ESRD patients (at stages 4 or 5); at least 18 years old; in pre-dialysis with at least a 6-month follow-up period by the nephrologist or who started dialysis in emergency and were not followed-up by the nephrologist; with no memory problems; and medically stable. Primary outcome was the frequency of self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation. Secondary outcome was the comparison between self-care behaviors by ESRD patients who were/were not followed-up by the nephrologist. The study involved 145 patients, 64.1% were female, the mean age was 69.5 years and the self-care behaviors mean score was 36.8% (with a SD of 39.8%). The number of patients followed-up and not followed-up by the nephrologist was 109 (group 1) and 36 (group 2), respectively. Social characteristics were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). The mean self-care behaviors were 29.4% and 59.2% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.000). Patients performed self-care behaviors for vascular network preservation with a relatively low frequency (the mean score was 36.8% only). Patients not followed by the nephrologist performed self-care behaviors more often than those who were followed (59.2% vs. 29.4% respectively, P = 0.000).
对终末期肾病（ESRD）患者进行教育并识别他们为保护血管网络而采取的自我护理行为非常重要。然而，患者经常进行的自我护理行为仍然未知。我们比较了由肾病专家随访或未随访的患者为保护血管网络而进行的自我护理行为。该研究设计为前瞻性、观察性和比较性研究。纳入标准如下：ESRD患者（4或5期）；至少18岁；处于透析前阶段且由肾病专家进行至少6个月的随访，或在紧急情况下开始透析且未由肾病专家随访；无记忆问题；病情稳定。主要结局是保护血管网络的自我护理行为频率。次要结局是由肾病专家随访或未随访的ESRD患者的自我护理行为之间的比较。该研究涉及145名患者，64.1%为女性，平均年龄为69.5岁，自我护理行为平均得分为36.8%（标准差为39.8%）。由肾病专家随访和未随访的患者数量分别为109名（第1组）和36名（第2组）。两组的社会特征相似（P>0.05）。第1组和第2组的平均自我护理行为分别为29.4%和59.2%（P = 0.000）。患者进行保护血管网络的自我护理行为的频率相对较低（平均得分仅为36.8%）。未由肾病专家随访的患者比接受随访的患者更频繁地进行自我护理行为（分别为59.2%和29.4%，P = 0.000）。
