Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
Adv Mater. 2018 Apr;30(16):e1707603. doi: 10.1002/adma.201707603. Epub 2018 Mar 24.
Liquids lack the spatial order required for advanced functionality. Interfacial assemblies of colloids, however, can be used to shape liquids into complex, 3D objects, simultaneously forming 2D layers with novel magnetic, plasmonic, or structural properties. Fully exploiting all-liquid systems that are structured by their interfaces would create a new class of biomimetic, reconfigurable, and responsive materials. Here, printed constructs of water in oil are presented. Both form and function are given to the system by the assembly and jamming of nanoparticle surfactants, formed from the interfacial interaction of nanoparticles and amphiphilic polymers that bear complementary functional groups. These yield dissipative constructs that exhibit a compartmentalized response to chemical cues. Potential applications include biphasic reaction vessels, liquid electronics, novel media for the encapsulation of cells and active matter, and dynamic constructs that both alter, and are altered by, their external environment.
液体缺乏先进功能所需的空间秩序。然而，胶体的界面组装可以用来将液体塑造成复杂的 3D 物体，同时形成具有新颖的磁性、等离子体或结构特性的 2D 层。充分利用由界面构造的全液体系统将创造出一类新的仿生、可重构和响应性材料。这里提出了油包水的打印结构。通过组装和阻塞纳米颗粒表面活性剂形成系统的形状和功能，纳米颗粒表面活性剂由纳米颗粒和具有互补官能团的两亲聚合物的界面相互作用形成。这些产生耗散结构，对化学信号表现出分隔的响应。潜在的应用包括两相反应容器、液体电子学、用于封装细胞和活性物质的新型介质，以及通过其外部环境改变和被其外部环境改变的动态结构。
