National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2018 Jul 1;44(4):370-376. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3723. Epub 2018 Mar 25.
Objectives The capability of safety climate to predict accidents has been the target of widespread debate in occupational health and safety research. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to employ a shortened five-item safety climate survey to investigate whether safety climate reports in 2012 are predictive for accidents reported within the last 12 months in 2014. Methods In both 2012 and 2014, 3864 blue-collar workers answered the Danish Working Environment and Health Cohort Study. Logistic regression was used to study the association [odds ratio (OR)] of reporting a work-related accident (yes/no) with more than one day of sickness absence (outcome) within the last 12 months in 2014 with the number of safety climate problems (predictor). The analyses were cumulatively adjusted for age, gender (model 1), socioeconomic class, occupational group, lifestyle (model 2), and previous accidents in 2012 (model 3). Results Of the safety climate problems reported in 2012, 1017 (28%) participants reported one problem, 357 (10%) reported two and 614 (17%) reported three or more problems. Using the number of safety climate problems as a continuous variable, all models showed a dose-response relationship between number of safety climate problems in 2012 and at least one accident in 2014 (trend-test, P<0.001). Compared to participants with no safety climate problems, participants reporting two safety climate problems in 2012 had a higher risk for reporting an accident in 2014 [OR 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.77], and the risk was higher for participants reporting three or more safety problems (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.60-3.09). Conclusions A higher number of safety climate problems progressively increased the OR for reporting at least one accident within the last 12 months at the two-year follow-up. The five-item safety climate survey is a simple and important tool that can be used as part of risk assessment in blue-collar workplaces.
目的 安全氛围预测事故的能力一直是职业健康和安全研究中广泛争论的目标。本前瞻性队列研究的目的是采用缩短的五分量表安全氛围调查来调查 2012 年的安全氛围报告是否可预测 2014 年过去 12 个月内报告的事故。
方法 2012 年和 2014 年，3864 名蓝领工人回答了丹麦工作环境和健康队列研究。使用逻辑回归研究报告（比值比（OR））与在过去 12 个月内在 2014 年中请超过一天病假（结局）相关的更多安全气候问题（预测因素）。分析分别针对年龄、性别（模型 1）、社会经济阶层、职业群体、生活方式（模型 2）和 2012 年以前的事故（模型 3）进行了累积调整。
结果 2012 年报告的安全气候问题中，1017 名（28%）参与者报告了一个问题，357 名（10%）报告了两个问题，614 名（17%）报告了三个或更多问题。使用安全气候问题的数量作为连续变量，所有模型都显示出 2012 年安全气候问题的数量与 2014 年至少一次事故之间的剂量反应关系（趋势检验，P<0.001）。与没有安全气候问题的参与者相比，2012 年报告有两个安全气候问题的参与者报告 2014 年发生事故的风险更高[OR 1.84，95%置信区间（CI）1.22-2.77]，报告三个或更多安全问题的参与者的风险更高[OR 2.22，95% CI 1.60-3.09]。
结论 随着安全气候问题数量的增加，报告过去 12 个月内至少发生一次事故的 OR 在两年随访时逐渐增加。五分量表安全氛围调查是一种简单而重要的工具，可用于蓝领工作场所的风险评估。
