Oliffe John L, Hanberg Debra, Hannan-Leith Madeline N, Bergen Cara, Martin Ruth Elwood
1 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
2 Collaborating Centre for Prison Health and Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Am J Mens Health. 2018 Sep;12(5):1235-1246. doi: 10.1177/1557988318765923. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
More than 11 million people are currently imprisoned worldwide, with the vast majority of incarcerated individuals being male. Hypermasculine environments in prison are often tied to men's health risks, and gathering information about mental health is fundamental to improving prison as well as community services. The purpose of the current study was to describe the connections between masculinities and men's mental health among prisoners transitioning into and out of a Canadian federal correctional facility. Two focus groups were conducted with a total of 18 men who had recently been released from a federal correctional facility. The focus group interviews were analyzed to inductively derive patterns pertaining to men's mental health challenges and resiliencies "on the inside" and "on the outside." Participant's challenges in prison related to heightened stresses associated with being incarcerated and the negative impact on preexisting mental illness including imposed changes to treatment regimens. Men's resiliencies included relinquishing aggression and connecting to learn from other men "on the inside." Mental health challenges "on the outside" included a lack of work skills and finances which increased the barriers that many men experienced when trying to access community-based mental health services. Mental health resiliencies employed by participants "on the outside" included self-monitoring and management to reduce negative thoughts, avoiding substance use and attaining adequate exercise and sleep. The current study findings offer practice and policy guidance to advance the well-being of this vulnerable subgroup of men in as well as out of prison.
目前，全球有超过1100万人被监禁，其中绝大多数被监禁者为男性。监狱中过度阳刚的环境往往与男性的健康风险相关，收集有关心理健康的信息对于改善监狱及社区服务至关重要。本研究的目的是描述在进出加拿大联邦惩教机构的囚犯中，男子气概与男性心理健康之间的联系。对两组焦点小组进行了访谈，共有18名最近从联邦惩教机构获释的男性参与。对焦点小组访谈进行了分析，以归纳得出与男性在“狱中”和“出狱后”的心理健康挑战及恢复力相关的模式。参与者在监狱中的挑战与监禁带来的压力增加以及对原有精神疾病的负面影响有关，包括强制改变治疗方案。男性的恢复力包括放弃攻击性并与“狱中”的其他男性建立联系以相互学习。“出狱后”的心理健康挑战包括缺乏工作技能和资金，这增加了许多男性在尝试获得社区心理健康服务时遇到的障碍。参与者“出狱后”采用的心理健康恢复力包括自我监测和管理以减少消极想法、避免使用毒品以及进行适量运动和充足睡眠。本研究结果为促进这一脆弱男性亚群体在狱中及出狱后的福祉提供了实践和政策指导。
