Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Spain Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Spain; Research Group of Urology, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Murcia, Spain.
Appl Nurs Res. 2018 Apr;40:68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.12.007. Epub 2017 Dec 23.
To explore and understand, from a gender-based perspective, the quality-of-life experiences of men and women who suffer from urinary incontinence.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a major health problem with significant social, psychological, occupational, sexual and economic effects leading to a substantial decrease in quality of life. Although this condition is increasingly frequent in men, research has tended to focus on women, adopting a quantitative approach.
The data were examined using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA).
The data were collected through a semi-structured interview conducted between January and June 2016. An inductive discourse content analysis was performed in three stages: preparation, organization and report. Participants were recruited until data saturation was achieved.
A sample of 33 participants was recruited: 17 women and 16 men. Gender-specific features were found. Six categories emerged: (i) normalization of incontinence; (ii) verbalization of the problem; (iii) social isolation; (iv)experienced feelings and emotions; (v) impact on daily routine; (vi) self-care strategies to address the problem in the most suitable way.
Urinary incontinence has a negative effect on the quality of life of men and women. However, there are gender differences as to how this phenomenon is experienced, particularly with regard to its psychological and social dimensions. A comprehensive, targeted assessment of the needs of these men and women is required on the part of professional nurses.
从性别角度探讨和理解患有尿失禁的男性和女性的生活质量体验。
尿失禁（UI）是一个主要的健康问题，具有重大的社会、心理、职业、性和经济影响，导致生活质量大幅下降。尽管这种情况在男性中越来越普遍，但研究往往侧重于女性，并采用定量方法。
使用解释性现象学分析（IPA）来检查数据。
数据通过 2016 年 1 月至 6 月期间进行的半结构化访谈收集。采用三个阶段进行归纳话语内容分析：准备、组织和报告。招募参与者，直到达到数据饱和。
招募了 33 名参与者：17 名女性和 16 名男性。发现了性别特定的特征。出现了六个类别：（i）尿失禁的正常化；（ii）问题的言语化；（iii）社会孤立；（iv）体验到的感受和情绪；（v）对日常生活的影响；（vi）自我护理策略，以最适合的方式解决问题。
尿失禁对男性和女性的生活质量有负面影响。然而，在体验这种现象方面存在性别差异，特别是在心理和社会层面。专业护士需要对这些男性和女性的需求进行全面、有针对性的评估。
