Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2018 Jun;26(6):730-740. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.03.006. Epub 2018 Mar 24.
Osteoarthritis results from the degradation of articular cartilage and is one of the leading global causes of pain and immobility. Cartilage has a limited capacity for self-repair. While repair can be enhanced through surgical intervention, current methods often generate inferior fibrocartilage and repair is transient. The development of tissue engineering strategies to improve repair outcomes is an active area of research. While small animal models such as rodents and rabbits are often used in early pre-clinical work, larger animals that better recapitulate the anatomy and loading of the human joint are required for late-stage preclinical evaluation. Because of their physiological similarities to humans, and low cost relative to other large animals, sheep are routinely used in orthopedic research, including cartilage repair studies. In recent years, there has been considerable research investment into the development of cartilage repair strategies that utilize mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). In contrast to autologous chondrocytes derived from biopsies of articular cartilage, MSC offer some benefits including greater expansion capacity and elimination of the risk of morbidity at the cartilage biopsy site. The disadvantages of MSC are related to the challenges of inducing and maintaining a stable chondrocyte-like cell population capable of generating hyaline cartilage. Ovine MSC (oMSC) biology and their utility in sheep cartilage repair models have not been reviewed. Herein, we review the biological properties of MSC derived from sheep tissues, and the use of these cells to study articular cartilage repair in this large animal model.
骨关节炎是由关节软骨降解引起的，是全球导致疼痛和活动受限的主要原因之一。软骨自我修复的能力有限。虽然通过手术干预可以增强修复能力，但目前的方法通常会产生较差的纤维软骨，而且修复是短暂的。开发组织工程策略来改善修复效果是一个活跃的研究领域。虽然啮齿动物和兔子等小动物模型常用于早期临床前工作，但需要更大的动物来更好地模拟人类关节的解剖结构和负荷，以进行后期临床前评估。由于绵羊在生理上与人类相似，而且相对于其他大型动物成本较低，因此它们经常被用于骨科研究，包括软骨修复研究。近年来，人们对利用间充质干细胞/基质细胞（MSC）的软骨修复策略的发展进行了大量研究投资。与源自关节软骨活检的自体软骨细胞相比，MSC 具有一些优势，包括更大的扩增能力和消除软骨活检部位发病风险。MSC 的缺点与诱导和维持能够产生透明软骨的稳定软骨样细胞群体的挑战有关。绵羊 MSC（oMSC）的生物学特性及其在绵羊软骨修复模型中的应用尚未得到综述。本文综述了从绵羊组织中分离出的 MSC 的生物学特性，以及这些细胞在这种大型动物模型中用于研究关节软骨修复的情况。
