Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
Environ Geochem Health. 2018 Dec;40(6):2303-2324. doi: 10.1007/s10653-018-0097-9. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
Speciations of metals were assessed in a tropical rain-fed river, flowing through the highly economically important part of the India. The pattern of distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were evaluated in water and sediment along with mineralogical characterization, changes with different water quality parameters and their respective health hazard to the local population along the Damodar River basin during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The outcome of the speciation analysis using MINTEQ indicated that free metal ions, carbonate, chloride and sulfate ions were predominantly in anionic inorganic fractions, while in cationic inorganic fractions metal loads were negligible. Metals loads were higher in sediment phase than in the aqueous phase. The estimated values of I in river sediment during both the seasons showed that most of the metals were found in the I class 0-1 which represents unpolluted to moderately polluted sediment status. The result of partition coefficient indicated the strong retention capability of Cr, Pb, Co and Mn, while Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni have resilient mobility capacity. The mineralogical analysis of sediment samples indicated that in Damodar River, quartz, kaolinite and calcite minerals were dominantly present. The hazard index values of Cd, Co and Cr were > 1 in river water, which suggested potential health risk for the children. A combination of pragmatic, computational and statistical relationship between ionic species and fractions of metals represented a strong persuasion for identifying the alikeness among the different sites of the river.
在印度经济极其重要的地区，一条热带雨育河流的金属物种评估。在季风前和季风期间，评估了重金属（Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb 和 Zn）在水和沉积物中的分布模式，以及矿物学特征、与不同水质参数的变化及其对达莫达尔河流域当地居民的各自健康危害。使用 MINTEQ 进行形态分析的结果表明，自由金属离子、碳酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐离子主要以阴离子无机形态存在，而阳离子无机形态中的金属负荷可以忽略不计。金属负荷在沉积物相中高于水相中。在两个季节的河流沉积物中估计的 I 值表明，大多数金属都存在于 I 类 0-1 中，这代表无污染到中度污染的沉积物状态。分配系数的结果表明 Cr、Pb、Co 和 Mn 具有很强的保留能力，而 Cd、Zn、Cu 和 Ni 具有较强的弹性迁移能力。沉积物样品的矿物学分析表明，在达莫达尔河，石英、高岭石和方解石矿物是主要存在的。河水 Cd、Co 和 Cr 的危害指数值>1，这表明儿童存在潜在的健康风险。离子物种与金属分数之间的实用、计算和统计关系组合，有力地证明了河流不同地点之间的相似性。
