给老年人开潜在不适当药物。日本配药药房的全国性调查。
Prescription of potentially inappropriate medications to older adults. A nationwide survey at dispensing pharmacies in Japan.
机构信息
Center for Community Liaison and Patient Consultations, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
Sugi Pharmacy Co., Ltd, Japan.
出版信息
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Jul-Aug;77:8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.12.010. Epub 2017 Dec 24.
OBJECTIVES
Prescriptions to older adults were surveyed to elucidate factors associated with potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in Japan.
METHODS
Adults aged ≥65 years, who were prescribed medications at 585 dispensing pharmacies across Japan, participated (N = 180,673). Data were collected between October 1 and October 31, 2014.
RESULTS
Proportion of polypharmacy and that of PIMs increased with age (p < 0.001). Analgesic drugs were most commonly prescribed for the older adults aged 65-74 years, whereas benzodiazepines were prescribed most commonly for those aged over 75 years. A logistic regression analysis revealed that the increase of PIMs was explained by polypharmacy and mainly the use of central nervous systems (CNS) and psychotropic drugs.
CONCLUSIONS
The increased prevalence of polypharmacy with age and the common use of CNS and psychotropic medications account for the PIMs in old age in the current nationwide survey.
目的
调查老年人的处方，以阐明与日本老年人潜在不适当药物（PIMs）相关的因素。
方法
在日本的 585 家配药药房，年龄≥65 岁并开具药物的成年人参与了此项研究（N=180673）。数据收集于 2014 年 10 月 1 日至 10 月 31 日。
结果
随着年龄的增长，同时使用多种药物和 PIMs 的比例均增加（p<0.001）。65-74 岁的老年人最常开的是止痛药，而 75 岁以上的老年人最常开的是苯二氮䓬类药物。逻辑回归分析显示，PIMs 的增加可由多种药物并用来解释，主要是中枢神经系统（CNS）和精神药物的使用。
结论
本全国性调查显示，随着年龄的增长，多种药物并用的发生率增加，以及 CNS 和精神药物的常用，是老年人中 PIMs 增加的原因。
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