Laboratory of Exercise Physiology-FISEX, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-851, Brazil.
Gerontology Program-Faculty of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2018 Mar 29;10(4):423. doi: 10.3390/nu10040423.
It remains unclear as to what extent resistance training (RT) can attenuate muscle loss during caloric restriction (CR) interventions in humans. The objective here is to address if RT could attenuate muscle loss induced by CR in obese elderly individuals, through summarized effects of previous studies. Databases MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science were used to perform a systematic search between July and August 2017. Were included in the review randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing the effects of CR with (CRRT) or without RT on lean body mass (LBM), fat body mass (FBM), and total body mass (BM), measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, on obese elderly individuals. The six RCTs included in the review applied RT three times per week, for 12 to 24 weeks, and most CR interventions followed diets of 55% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 30% fat. RT reduced 93.5% of CR-induced LBM loss (0.819 kg [0.364 to 1.273]), with similar reduction in FBM and BM, compared with CR. Furthermore, to address muscle quality, the change in strength/LBM ratio tended to be different ( = 0.07) following CRRT (20.9 ± 23.1%) and CR interventions (−7.5 ± 9.9%). Our conclusion is that CRRT is able to prevent almost 100% of CR-induced muscle loss, while resulting in FBM and BM reductions that do not significantly differ from CR.
目前尚不清楚抗阻训练（RT）在多大程度上可以减轻热量限制（CR）干预过程中人类的肌肉损失。本研究旨在探讨 RT 是否可以减轻肥胖老年人 CR 引起的肌肉损失，并对以往研究的综合效应进行分析。使用 MEDLINE、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库于 2017 年 7 月至 8 月进行了系统检索。本综述纳入了比较 CR 与（CRRT）或无 RT 对肥胖老年人瘦体重（LBM）、脂肪体重（FBM）和总体重（BM）影响的随机对照试验（RCT），通过双能 X 射线吸收法进行测量。综述纳入的 6 项 RCT 每周进行 RT 三次，持续 12-24 周，大多数 CR 干预采用 55%碳水化合物、15%蛋白质和 30%脂肪的饮食。与 CR 相比，RT 减少了 93.5%的 CR 引起的 LBM 损失（0.819kg [0.364 至 1.273]），FBM 和 BM 也有类似的减少。此外，为了评估肌肉质量，CRRT（20.9±23.1%）和 CR 干预（−7.5±9.9%）后力量/LBM 比值的变化趋势不同（ = 0.07）。我们的结论是，CRRT 几乎可以完全预防 CR 引起的肌肉损失，同时导致的 FBM 和 BM 减少与 CR 无显著差异。
