Bavarian Nordic GmbH, Fraunhoferstrasse 13, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
University of Zürich, Dekanat Vetsuisse-Fakultät Immunology, Winterthurerstrasse 204, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 2018 Apr 25;36(18):2427-2434. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.048. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
Newborns are considered difficult to protect against infections shortly after birth, due to their ineffective immune system that shows quantitative and qualitative differences compared to adults. However, here we show that a single vaccination of mice at birth with a replication-deficient live vaccine Modified Vaccinia Ankara [MVA] efficiently induces antigen-specific B- and T-cells that fully protect against a lethal Ectromelia virus challenge. Protection was induced within 2 weeks and using genetically modified mice we show that this protection was mainly T-cell dependent. Persisting immunological T-cell memory and neutralizing antibodies were obtained with the single vaccination. Thus, MVA administered as early as at birth induced immediate and long-term protection against an otherwise fatal disease and appears attractive as a new generation smallpox vaccine that is effective also in children. Moreover, it may have the potential to serve as platform for childhood vaccines as indicated by measles specific T- and B-cell responses induced in newborn mice vaccinated with recombinant MVA expressing measles antigens.
新生儿在出生后不久就被认为难以预防感染，因为他们的免疫系统尚未发育完全，与成年人相比存在数量和质量上的差异。然而，在这里我们表明，在出生时用减毒活疫苗 Modified Vaccinia Ankara [MVA] 对小鼠进行单次接种，可有效诱导针对抗原的 B 细胞和 T 细胞，从而完全预防致命的 Ectromelia 病毒挑战。这种保护作用在 2 周内被诱导，并且使用基因修饰的小鼠，我们表明这种保护作用主要依赖于 T 细胞。单次接种可获得持续的免疫 T 细胞记忆和中和抗体。因此，早在出生时就给予 MVA 可立即和长期预防这种致命疾病，并且作为新一代天花疫苗具有吸引力，即使在儿童中也有效。此外，正如在接种表达麻疹抗原的重组 MVA 的新生小鼠中诱导麻疹特异性 T 细胞和 B 细胞反应所表明的那样，它可能具有作为儿童疫苗平台的潜力。
