Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2018 Jun;31(3):246-250. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000450.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted infections, with an estimated more than 100 million cases of gonorrhea each year worldwide. N. gonorrhoeae has gained recent increasing attention because of the alarming rise in incidence and the widespread emergence of multidrug-resistant gonococcal strains. Vaccine development is one area of renewed interest. Herein, we review the recent advances in this area.
Vaccine development for N. gonorrhoeae has been problematic, but recent progress in the field has provided new hope that a gonococcal vaccine may be feasible. Several new vaccine antigens have been characterized in various models of infection. Furthermore, the first potential vaccine-induced protection against gonorrhea in humans has been reported, with decreased rates of gonorrhea described among individuals vaccinated with the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B vaccine, MeNZB.
As antibiotic resistance continues to increase, vaccine development for N. gonorrhoeae becomes more urgent. The MeNZB vaccine is shown to have efficacy, albeit relatively low, against N. gonorrhoeae. This finding has the potential to reinvigorate research in the field of gonococcal vaccine development and will guide future studies of the antigens and mechanism(s) required for protection against gonococcal infection.
淋病奈瑟菌是最常见的性传播感染病原体之一，估计全世界每年有超过 1 亿例淋病病例。由于发病率的惊人上升和耐多药淋球菌株的广泛出现，淋病奈瑟菌最近受到了越来越多的关注。疫苗的开发是一个重新引起关注的领域。本文综述了该领域的最新进展。
淋病奈瑟菌疫苗的开发一直存在问题，但该领域的最新进展带来了新的希望，即可能开发出一种淋病疫苗。在各种感染模型中，已经鉴定出几种新的疫苗抗原。此外，首次报道了针对人类淋病的潜在疫苗诱导保护，接种脑膜炎奈瑟菌 B 组疫苗（MeNZB）的个体中淋病的发病率降低。
随着抗生素耐药性的不断增加，淋病奈瑟菌疫苗的开发变得更加紧迫。MeNZB 疫苗对淋病奈瑟菌具有一定的疗效，尽管相对较低。这一发现有可能重振淋病疫苗开发领域的研究，并将指导针对淋病感染的保护所需的抗原和机制的未来研究。
