固有免疫系统在肺部感染中的作用。
The role of the innate immune system on pulmonary infections.
机构信息
Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 333 S. Liberty St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
出版信息
Biol Chem. 2019 Mar 26;400(4):443-456. doi: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0304.
Inhalation is required for respiration and life in all vertebrates. This process is not without risk, as it potentially exposes the host to environmental pathogens with every breath. This makes the upper respiratory tract one of the most common routes of infection and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. To combat this, the lung relies on the innate immune defenses. In contrast to the adaptive immune system, the innate immune system does not require sensitization, previous exposure or priming to attack foreign particles. In the lung, the innate immune response starts with the epithelial barrier and mucus production and is reinforced by phagocytic cells and T cells. These cells are vital for the production of cytokines, chemokines and anti-microbial peptides that are critical for clearance of infectious agents. In this review, we discuss all aspects of the innate immune response, with a special emphasis on ways to target aspects of the immune response to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria.
在所有脊椎动物中，呼吸和生命都需要通过吸入来完成。然而，这个过程并非没有风险，因为每一次呼吸都有可能使宿主接触到环境病原体。这使得上呼吸道成为感染最常见的途径之一，也是世界上发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。为了应对这一挑战，肺部依赖于先天免疫防御。与适应性免疫系统不同，先天免疫系统不需要致敏、先前暴露或启动即可攻击外来颗粒。在肺部，先天免疫反应始于上皮屏障和黏液的产生，并由吞噬细胞和 T 细胞加强。这些细胞对于产生细胞因子、趋化因子和抗菌肽至关重要，这些物质对于清除感染因子至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了先天免疫反应的各个方面，特别强调了靶向免疫反应的方法，以对抗抗生素耐药菌。
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