Lv Chao, Fu Zhiqiang, Lu Ke, Yue Ruili, Wang Tao, Cao Xiaodan, Zhu Chuangang, Li Hao, Hong Yang, Lin Jiaojiao
Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Acta Trop. 2018 Jul;183:14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.025. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
The sensitivity and specificity are two crucial aspects of addressing the efficacy of diagnostic antigens. Achilles' heel of low sensitivity rate exists in current diagnostic recombinant antigens for schistosomiasis detection. This study focused on the diagnosis of water buffalo schistosomiasis japonica and a perspective of improving recombinant antigens' sensitivity was assessed using archived 220 water buffalo sera (114 positive sera, 92 negative sera and 14 Paramphistomum-infected sera) and the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The subjects included two trivalent recombinant proteins, one bivalent antigen and two single-molecular antigens. The crude antigen SEA (soluble egg antigen) was employed as reference antigen. The highest sensitivity rate in the five recombinant antigens assigned to the trivalent multi-epitope antigen PA4 (95.61%, 109/114), no significant difference with SEA (100%, 114/114, p = .836), and showing remarkable differences with the two single-molecular antigens (p < 0.01). In term of specificity, two trivalent multi-epitope antigens PA4 (97.83%, 90/92), PA5 (100%, 92/92) and the bivalent antigen PA3 (98.91%, 91/92) had few differences with one monovalent antigens PA1 (97.83%, 90/92, p = .304/0.103/0.640), significant differences with another monovalent antigens PA2 (92.39%, 85/92, p < 0.01) and SEA (82.61%, 76/92, p < 0.01). Additional, all the recombinant antigens had low cross-reactivity (7.14%, 1/14, 0% for PA5) with serum samples of paramphistomiasis, contrast with that of SEA (50%, 7/14, p < 0.01). The results indicated that multi-epitope antigens have the possibility to improve diagnostic sensitivity and the trivalent multi-epitope antigen PA4 possesses greater likelihood to be a diagnostic antigen for water buffalo schistosomiasis.
敏感性和特异性是评估诊断抗原效力的两个关键方面。当前用于血吸虫病检测的诊断重组抗原存在敏感性低这一薄弱环节。本研究聚焦于水牛日本血吸虫病的诊断，并使用存档的220份水牛血清（114份阳性血清、92份阴性血清和14份双腔吸虫感染血清）以及酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法，评估了提高重组抗原敏感性的前景。研究对象包括两种三价重组蛋白、一种二价抗原和两种单分子抗原。粗抗原SEA（可溶性虫卵抗原）用作参考抗原。在分配的五种重组抗原中，三价多表位抗原PA4的敏感性最高（95.61%，109/114），与SEA（100%，114/114，p = 0.836）无显著差异，与两种单分子抗原存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。在特异性方面，两种三价多表位抗原PA4（97.83%，90/92）、PA5（100%，92/92）和二价抗原PA3（98.91%，91/92）与一种单价抗原PA1（97.83%，90/92，p = 0.304/0.103/0.640）差异不大，与另一种单价抗原PA2（92.39%，85/92，p < 0.01）和SEA（82.61%，76/92，p < 0.01）存在显著差异。此外，所有重组抗原与双腔吸虫病血清样本的交叉反应性都很低（PA5为7.14%，1/14，0%），与SEA（50%，7/14，p < 0.01）形成对比。结果表明，多表位抗原有可能提高诊断敏感性，三价多表位抗原PA4更有可能成为水牛血吸虫病的诊断抗原。
