Crescentini Cristiano, Garzitto Marco, Paschetto Andrea, Brambilla Paolo, Fabbro Franco
Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy.
PeerJ. 2018 Mar 27;6:e4484. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4484. eCollection 2018.
Research on adults points to personality as a crucial determinant of well-being. The present study investigates the question of personality's relation to well-being and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence.
We assessed the role of temperament and character (Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI-125), on psychological well-being (PWB; Psychological Well-Being scales), subjective well-being (SWB; Positive and Negative Affect, PA and NA, respectively), and psychosocial adjustment (emotional-behavioural problems measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Adolescents, SDQ-A), in 72 Italian late adolescents (aged 17.5 ± 0.75). Multiple regressions were conducted to predict PWB, SWB, and SDQ-A scores using TCI-125 scales as predictors.
Character maturity, and in particular Self-Directedness, had a widespread protective effect on well-being and psychosocial adjustment, while different strengths and emotional-behavioural difficulties were associated to specific temperamental and character traits. For example, Harm-Avoidance and Novelty-Seeking positively predicted internalized and externalized problems, respectively.
The present results suggest the usefulness of continuing to evaluate temperament and, in particular, character dimensions in investigations focused on adolescents' well-being and psychosocial functioning, especially in the contexts of potential interventions aimed at enhancing development of adolescents' character dimensions at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal levels.
针对成年人的研究表明，人格是幸福的关键决定因素。本研究探讨了人格与青少年幸福感及心理社会适应之间的关系问题。
我们评估了气质和性格（气质与性格量表，TCI - 125）对72名意大利青少年晚期（年龄17.5 ± 0.75岁）的心理健康（PWB；心理健康量表）、主观幸福感（SWB；分别为积极和消极情绪，PA和NA）以及心理社会适应（用青少年优势与困难问卷，SDQ - A测量的情绪行为问题）的作用。使用TCI - 125量表作为预测变量进行多元回归，以预测PWB、SWB和SDQ - A得分。
性格成熟度，尤其是自我导向性，对幸福感和心理社会适应具有广泛的保护作用，而不同的优势和情绪行为困难与特定的气质和性格特征相关。例如，避免伤害和寻求新奇分别正向预测内化和外化问题。
目前的结果表明，在关注青少年幸福感和心理社会功能的研究中，特别是在旨在促进青少年在个人、人际和超个人层面性格维度发展的潜在干预背景下，继续评估气质，尤其是性格维度是有用的。
