Hochberg J, Peterson M A
Deparment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 1987 Dec;116(4):370-80. doi: 10.1037//0096-3445.116.4.370.
In three experiments, observers who were instructed to perceive one of two alternative depth arrangements of a three-dimensional wire cube fixated near one of two intersections that differed in the degree to which they specified the cube's veridical depth organization. In order to separate perceptual effects from experimenter effects, we measured indirect reports about variables perceptually coupled to perceived depth rather than direct reports about perceived depth. In all three experiments, reversal durations at the two intersections differed, even though the two were parts of a single object. In addition, reversals varied with viewers' intentions. Thus, the unit of perceptual organization may be smaller than the entire object, and viewers' intentions can influence the perception of real moving objects. In additional analyses, reversal durations were separated into two components: nonelective instability and malleability; the question of whether these two components of ambiguity are functionally distinct could not be decided.
在三个实验中，被指示去感知一个三维金属丝立方体的两种不同深度排列之一的观察者，注视着两个交点之一附近，这两个交点在指定立方体真实深度组织的程度上有所不同。为了将感知效应与实验者效应区分开来，我们测量了与感知深度在感知上相关联的变量的间接报告，而不是关于感知深度的直接报告。在所有三个实验中，尽管两个交点是单个物体的一部分，但它们的反转持续时间不同。此外，反转随观察者的意图而变化。因此，感知组织的单位可能小于整个物体，并且观察者的意图可以影响真实移动物体的感知。在进一步的分析中，反转持续时间被分为两个成分：非选择性不稳定性和可塑性；关于这两个模糊性成分在功能上是否不同的问题无法确定。
