O'Brien Timothy L
Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 744 Bolton Hall, 3210 N. Maryland Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53201, United States.
Soc Sci Res. 2018 May;72:134-145. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
This article investigates the role of gender in decision-making by examining trial judges' decisions to admit or exclude expert witness testimony. An analysis of civil rights cases in United States district courts (n = 198) reveals that male judges are substantially more likely than females to exclude expert evidence. Importantly, this pattern cannot be attributed to other characteristics of judges, experts, or courts that may influence judges' rulings. These findings are consistent with theories of gender, organizations, and science that suggest that women are more likely than men to consider expert advice. These results also indicate that the organizational role of trial judge may not be enough to offset the wider effects of the gender system on perceptions of experts.
本文通过研究初审法官决定采信或排除专家证人证言的情况，探讨了性别在决策过程中的作用。对美国地方法院的民权案件（n = 198）进行分析后发现，男性法官比女性法官更有可能排除专家证据。重要的是，这种模式不能归因于可能影响法官裁决的法官、专家或法院的其他特征。这些发现与性别、组织和科学理论相一致，这些理论表明女性比男性更有可能考虑专家建议。这些结果还表明，初审法官的组织角色可能不足以抵消性别制度对专家认知的更广泛影响。
