Lawson Thomas N
J Nurs Educ. 2018 Apr 1;57(4):203-208. doi: 10.3928/01484834-20180322-03.
Diagnostic reasoning is often used colloquially to describe the process by which nurse practitioners and physicians come to the correct diagnosis, but a rich definition and description of this process has been lacking in the nursing literature.
A literature review was conducted with theoretical sampling seeking conceptual insight into diagnostic reasoning.
Four common themes emerged: Cognitive Biases and Debiasing Strategies, the Dual Process Theory, Diagnostic Error, and Patient Harm. Relevant cognitive biases are discussed, followed by debiasing strategies and application of the dual process theory to reduce diagnostic error and harm.
The accuracy of diagnostic reasoning of nurse practitioners may be improved by incorporating these items into nurse practitioner education and practice. [J Nurs Educ. 2018;57(4):203-208.].
诊断推理通常通俗地用于描述执业护士和医生得出正确诊断的过程，但护理文献中一直缺乏对这一过程丰富的定义和描述。
采用理论抽样进行文献综述，以寻求对诊断推理的概念性见解。
出现了四个共同主题：认知偏差与去偏策略、双过程理论、诊断错误和患者伤害。文中讨论了相关的认知偏差，随后介绍了去偏策略以及双过程理论在减少诊断错误和伤害方面的应用。
将这些内容纳入执业护士教育和实践中，可能会提高执业护士诊断推理的准确性。[《护理教育杂志》。2018年；57(4)：203 - 208。]
