Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
J Parkinsons Dis. 2018;8(2):341-352. doi: 10.3233/JPD-171290.
Pathological gambling (PG) in Parkinson's disease (PD) manifests as a persistent and uncontrollable gambling behavior, characterized by dysfunctional decision-making and emotional impairment related to high-risk decisions.
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between personality traits and prefrontal cortex activity in PD patients with or without PG.
Thus, hemodynamic cortical activity measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) performance were recorded in forty-six PD patients, divided into three groups according to their gambling status: PD patients with active gambling behavior (PDG); PD patients who remitted from PG (PDNG); and a control group (CG) composed by patients with PD only.
Results indicates that gambling behavior in PD patients is strongly predictive of dysfunctional cognitive strategy; affecting anomalous cortical response with a left hemispheric unbalance in dorsal areas; and it is related to more reward sensitivity than impulsivity personality components.
PDG patients differed from PDNG and CG from both behavioral and brain response to decision-making. Overall, these effects confirm a pathological condition related to cognitive and emotional aspects which makes the patients with PGD victims of their dysfunctional behavior.
帕金森病（PD）中的病理性赌博（PG）表现为持续且无法自控的赌博行为，其特征是与高风险决策相关的决策功能障碍和情绪损害。
本研究旨在探讨 PD 伴或不伴 PG 患者的人格特质与前额叶皮质活动之间的关系。
因此，通过功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量的血流动力学皮质活动和 Iowa 赌博任务（IGT）表现记录了 46 名 PD 患者，根据其赌博状态将他们分为三组：有活动性赌博行为的 PD 患者（PDG）；PG 缓解的 PD 患者（PDNG）；以及由单纯 PD 患者组成的对照组（CG）。
结果表明，PD 患者的赌博行为强烈预示着认知策略的失调；影响异常的皮质反应，导致背侧区域的左半球不平衡；并且与冲动人格成分相比，与更高的奖励敏感性相关。
PDG 患者与 PDNG 和 CG 在行为和大脑对决策的反应上存在差异。总体而言，这些效应证实了一种与认知和情感方面相关的病理性状况，使 PGD 患者成为其功能失调行为的受害者。
