Cui Lihui, Luo Ruiying, Ma Denghao
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
Materials (Basel). 2018 Mar 31;11(4):538. doi: 10.3390/ma11040538.
A carbon/carbon-Al-Cu composite reinforced with carbon fiber 2.5D-polyacrylonitrile-based preforms was fabricated using the pressureless infiltration technique. The Al-Cu alloy liquids were successfully infiltrated into the C/C composites at high temperature and under vacuum. The mechanical and metallographic properties, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of the C/C-Al-Cu composites were analyzed. The results showed that the bending property of the C/C-Al-Cu composites was 189 MPa, whereas that of the pure carbon slide material was only 85 MPa. The compressive strength of C/C-Al-Cu was 213 MPa, whereas that of the pure carbon slide material was only 102 MPa. The resistivity of C/C-Al-Cu was only 1.94 μΩm, which was lower than that of the pure carbon slide material (29.5 μΩm). This finding can be attributed to the "network conduction" structure. Excellent wettability was observed between Al and the carbon matrix at high temperature due to the existence of Al₄C₃. The friction coefficients of the C/C, C/C-Al-Cu, and pure carbon slide composites were 0.152, 0.175, and 0.121, respectively. The wear rate of the C/C-Al-Cu composites reached a minimum value of 2.56 × 10 mm³/Nm. The C/C-Al-Cu composite can be appropriately used as railway current collectors for locomotives.
采用无压浸渗技术制备了一种以2.5D聚丙烯腈基预制件碳纤维增强的碳/碳-Al-Cu复合材料。Al-Cu合金液在高温真空条件下成功渗入C/C复合材料中。对C/C-Al-Cu复合材料的力学性能、金相性能、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和能谱分析（EDS）进行了分析。结果表明，C/C-Al-Cu复合材料的弯曲性能为189MPa，而纯碳滑板材料仅为85MPa。C/C-Al-Cu的抗压强度为213MPa，而纯碳滑板材料仅为102MPa。C/C-Al-Cu的电阻率仅为1.94μΩm，低于纯碳滑板材料（29.5μΩm）。这一发现可归因于“网络传导”结构。由于Al₄C₃的存在，在高温下Al与碳基体之间观察到了优异的润湿性。C/C、C/C-Al-Cu和纯碳滑板复合材料的摩擦系数分别为0.152、0.175和0.121。C/C-Al-Cu复合材料的磨损率达到最小值2.56×10mm³/Nm。C/C-Al-Cu复合材料可适用于机车的铁路集电器。
