Jewhurst Kyle, McLaughlin Kelly A
Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
J Dev Biol. 2015 Dec 23;4(1):1. doi: 10.3390/jdb4010001.
The epidemic of heart disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, is made worse by the fact that the adult mammalian heart is especially poor at repair. Damage to the mammal heart-such as that caused by myocardial infarction-leads to scarring, resulting in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. In contrast, the hearts of fish and urodele amphibians are capable of complete regeneration of cardiac tissue from multiple types of damage, with full restoration of functionality. In the last decades, research has revealed a wealth of information on how these animals are able to perform this remarkable feat, and non-mammalian models of heart repair have become a burgeoning new source of data on the morphological, cellular, and molecular processes necessary to heal cardiac damage. In this review we present the major findings from recent research on the underlying mechanisms of fish and amphibian heart regeneration. We also discuss the tools and techniques that have been developed to answer these important questions.
心脏病是全球主要死因，而成年哺乳动物心脏的修复能力特别差，这使得心脏病的流行情况更加严重。哺乳动物心脏受损，如心肌梗死造成的损伤，会导致瘢痕形成，进而引发心脏功能障碍和心力衰竭。相比之下，鱼类和有尾两栖动物的心脏能够从多种类型的损伤中完全再生心脏组织，并完全恢复功能。在过去几十年里，研究揭示了大量关于这些动物如何能够完成这一非凡壮举的信息，心脏修复的非哺乳动物模型已成为有关心脏损伤愈合所需形态、细胞和分子过程的新兴数据来源。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了近期关于鱼类和两栖动物心脏再生潜在机制研究的主要发现。我们还讨论了为回答这些重要问题而开发的工具和技术。
