ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Animal Nutrition, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Agroscope, Tioleyre 4, 1725, Posieux, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 3;8(1):5427. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23572-3.
This study is the first to quantify the effects of hazel (Corylus avellana) leaves on methane and urinary nitrogen emissions, digestibility, nitrogen and the energy balance of ruminants. Four experimental pellets were produced with 0, 30% and 60% hazel leaves, the latter also with 4% polyethylene glycol. Hazel leaves gradually replaced lucerne. The diet was composed of the pellets and grass hay (80%: 20%). Six adult sheep were allocated to all four treatments in a 6 × 4 crossover design. Including hazel leaves did not affect the feed intake, but it decreased the apparent digestibility of organic matter and fibre, especially at the high level. Methane emission was reduced by up to 25 to 33% per day, per unit of intake and per unit of organic matter digested. Urinary nitrogen excretion decreased by 33 to 72% with increasing levels of hazel leaves. The treatment with polyethylene glycol demonstrated that tannins in hazel leaves caused significant shares of the effects. In conclusion, the current results indicated a significant potential of hazel leaves as forage for ruminants to mitigate methane and urinary nitrogen emissions. Even high dietary hazel leaf proportions were palatable. The lower digestibility needs to be compensated with easily digestible diet ingredients.
这项研究首次定量了榛树叶对反刍动物甲烷和尿氮排放、消化率、氮和能量平衡的影响。用 0、30%和 60%的榛树叶以及 4%的聚乙二醇制作了四个实验性颗粒，后者也用 4%的聚乙二醇制作了。榛树叶逐渐取代了紫花苜蓿。该饮食由颗粒饲料和干草（80%：20%）组成。6 只成年绵羊被分配到 6×4 交叉设计的所有 4 种处理中。添加榛树叶不会影响采食量，但会降低有机物和纤维的表观消化率，尤其是在高水平时。每天每单位摄入和每单位消化有机物的甲烷排放量减少了 25%至 33%。随着榛树叶水平的增加，尿氮排泄量减少了 33%至 72%。添加聚乙二醇的处理表明，榛树叶中的单宁导致了这些效果的显著部分。总之，目前的结果表明，榛树叶作为反刍动物饲料具有显著的减少甲烷和尿氮排放的潜力。即使高比例的榛树叶日粮也具有适口性。较低的消化率需要用易消化的饲料成分来补偿。
