Johannsdottir Gudrun Arna, Palsson Olafur, Jonsson Helgi, Gudbjornsson Bjorn
Departments of Medicine and Rheumatology.
Departments of Medicine and Rheumatology, Centre for Rheumatology Research.
Laeknabladid. 2018 Apr;104(4):177-186. doi: 10.17992/lbl.2018.04.181.
Gout is a disabling and common arthritis with increasing prevalence. Without treatment the disease can cause permanent joint damage. It is commonly associated with the metabolic syndrome but can also be related to a number of life-threatening diseases and their treatments. Gout is often misdiagnosed and its long-term management is suboptimal despite the availability of effective treatments. Recently The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) released common guidelines for the diagnosis of gout and EULAR updated their guidelines for management. There is increased emphasis on preventive treatment, both with lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy. It is important to educate patients about the disease and the existence of effective treatment options, how to manage an acutely inflamed joint and why it is important to lower serum urate. When a patient is diagnosed with gout he should be screened for associated comorbidities. It is important to treat-to-target and lower serum urate over a long period of time to induce permanent remission of gouty arthritis.
痛风是一种致残性常见关节炎，患病率不断上升。若不治疗，该病可导致永久性关节损伤。它通常与代谢综合征相关，但也可能与一些危及生命的疾病及其治疗有关。痛风常被误诊，尽管有有效的治疗方法，但其长期管理仍不尽人意。最近，美国风湿病学会（ACR）和欧洲抗风湿病联盟（EULAR）发布了痛风诊断的共同指南，EULAR更新了其管理指南。人们越来越重视预防性治疗，包括生活方式改变和药物治疗。对患者进行疾病教育以及告知有效治疗方案的存在、如何处理急性炎症关节以及降低血清尿酸为何重要，这些都很重要。当患者被诊断为痛风时，应筛查相关合并症。长期将血清尿酸治疗至目标水平并降低血清尿酸以诱导痛风性关节炎永久缓解很重要。
