Rogers R L, Meyer J S
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Texas.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1988 Jan;36(1):13-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb03428.x.
In order to standardize and quantify diagnostic information derived from medical histories and case reports given by demented patients, their families or care-providers, a questionnaire has been developed containing 94 questions. The output is categorized by computer into graphic clinical scales which correlate and weigh information relating to seven of the most common causes of dementia. The present investigation assesses the validity of predictive diagnostic classifications derived from the clinical scales tested on admission by correlating them later with final diagnoses determined independently by thorough clinical evaluation including standard diagnostic tests, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance scans. Results of 101 healthy, neurologically normal, age-matched volunteers and 140 patients representative of the more common forms of dementia indicate that correct diagnostic identification was: 75% for dementia secondary to Parkinson's disease, 100% for Huntington's disease, 90.2% for Alzheimer's disease, 82.4% for multi-infarct dementia, 90.0% for posttraumatic dementia, 77.8% for normal-pressure hydrocephalus and 85.7% for Wernicke-Korsakoff dementia. Correct diagnostic assignment was highly significant (P less than .0005). The screening questionnaire may prove to be a useful and standard diagnostic tool for clinicians and investigators concerned with epidemiology, prevention and treatment of dementia.
为了规范和量化从痴呆患者、其家属或护理人员提供的病史和病例报告中获取的诊断信息，已编制了一份包含94个问题的问卷。通过计算机将输出结果分类为图形临床量表，这些量表对与七种最常见痴呆病因相关的信息进行关联和权衡。本研究通过将入院时测试的临床量表得出的预测性诊断分类与通过全面临床评估（包括标准诊断测试、计算机断层扫描和核磁共振扫描）独立确定的最终诊断进行关联，来评估这些分类的有效性。101名健康、神经功能正常、年龄匹配的志愿者以及140名代表更常见痴呆形式的患者的结果表明，正确的诊断识别率为：帕金森病继发痴呆为75%，亨廷顿病为100%，阿尔茨海默病为90.2%，多发梗死性痴呆为82.4%，创伤后痴呆为90.0%，正常压力脑积水为77.8%，韦尼克 - 科尔萨科夫痴呆为85.7%。正确的诊断分配具有高度显著性（P小于0.0005）。对于关注痴呆症流行病学、预防和治疗的临床医生和研究人员而言，这份筛查问卷可能是一种有用的标准诊断工具。
